法庭科学DNA数据库的风险与法律规制  

Risk and Legal Regulation of Forensic DNA Database

作　　者：瓮怡洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学人文与发展学院法律系

出　　处：《环球法律评论》2012年第3期37-53,共17页Global Law Review

摘　　要：法庭科学DNA数据库是打击犯罪的一柄利器,但是,对DNA样本的提取和使用却会带来很大的风险。提取公民DNA生物样本的行为可能侵犯身体完整权,分析和储存DNA分型结果会侵犯公民的资讯决定权,储存DNA生物样本可能严重侵犯公民的隐私权。为保护公民权利,西方国家要求建立和运用DNA数据库应当遵循合法性原则、司法审查原则、比例原则以及分散管理原则。我国法庭科学DNA数据库在筹建和运行过程中还存在一些问题,西方国家在这方面的成功经验对我国DNA数据库的改革与完善提供可贵的参考和借鉴。The forensic DNA database serves as a very effective tool to fight against crime. However, the extraction and use of DNA samples may result in great risk, as the extraction of citizens＇ DNA bio-samples may infringe upon their body integrity, analysis and storage of DNA profiles may encroach on citizens＇ right to determination of information, and storage of DNA biosamples may grossly violate citizens＇ right to privacy. In order to protect citizens＇ rights, western countries require that the establishment and use of DNA database should abide by principles of legitimacy, judicial review, proportionality and decentralized management. Many problems have arisen in the preparation for construction and operation of DNA database in China. We should draw on successful experiences of western countries so to perfect our own DNA database.

关 键 词：DNA数据库 隐私权 司法审查DNA鉴定 帝王条款 

分 类 号：D915.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]