语料库驱动的英汉语言接触研究:以“被”字句为例  

A corpus-based study of English-Chinese language contact:A case study of bei(被) passives

作　　者：郭鸿杰[1] 韩红[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学外国语学院,上海市200240

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2012年第3期359-370,479,共12页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目"语料库驱动的英汉语言接触研究--拉波夫的语言变异观"(09YJC740052)的部分成果

摘　　要：本文基于社会语言学变异观,运用历史语言学的对比分析法,考察汉语"被"字句在语义结构、句法功能、语用信息、音节结构等方面的历时演变和共时变化,并据此验证"被"字句的变化是否为英汉语言接触的结果。研究发现:现代汉语"被"字句的使用频率比英汉接触前有了显著增加。"被"字句在语义韵、句式分布、受事指称特点、施事信息类型等方面也呈现出明显的变化。另一方面,"被"字句并没有完全脱离汉语语法的约束,而语言接触作为"催化剂",诱发并加快了"被"字句演变的过程。Built upon the theory of variation in sociolinguistics and comparative method of historical linguistics,this study examines the diachronic changes and synchronic variations of bei(被) passives at the semantic,syntactic,pragmatic,and phonetic levels,and discusses the possibility of contact-induced language change and variation.The findings show that being the most important marked way of expressing the passive voice,the bei(被) passive has increased significantly in its frequency compared with its counterpart in English.Besides,the development of bei(被) passives has proved to be influenced by English as is reflected in its semantic prosody,long or short passive sentences,the humanity of the patient,and the information status of the agent.But it is also noticed that the Chinese use of passives is still constrained to some extent by its grammar,and contact with English as a driving force has triggered and facilitated the internal development of bei(被) passives.

关 键 词：语料库 英汉语言接触 “被”字句 社会语言学变异观 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]