浮床空心菜对氮循环细菌数量与分布和氮素净化效果的影响  

Effect of Ipomoea aquatica Floating-bed on the quantity and distribution of nitrogen cycling bacteria and nitrogen removal

作　　者：唐莹莹[1] 李秀珍[1] 周元清[1] 贾悦[1] 辛在军[1] 孙永光[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第9期2837-2846,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：河口海岸学国家重点实验室科研业务费(2010RCDW08;2008KYYW07)

摘　　要：通过在塑料水箱中水培空心菜(Ipomoea aquatica),研究浮床空心菜对氮循环细菌数量、分布和氮素净化效果的影响。研究结果表明,浮床空心菜氮循环细菌总数、氨化菌、亚硝化菌、硝化菌数量极显著高于空白对照(P<0.01),浮床空心菜反硝化菌数量与空白对照差异不显著(P>0.05);氨化菌在根内、根面、水体中的分布差异不大,亚硝化菌主要分布在根内和根面,硝化菌主要分布在根面,反硝化菌主要分布在水体中;试验结束时,浮床空心菜系统和空白对照对氨氮的去除率分别为91.8%和88.5%,对总氮的去除率分别为48.2%和62.1%。通过浮床空心菜各种氮循环细菌数量、分布与氮素浓度的相关性分析,发现浮床空心菜系统中氮素的去除是植物吸收,根系表面的氨化作用,以及水体中硝化、反硝化共同作用的结果,而空白对照系统中氮素的主要去除途径是微生物的硝化/反硝化作用以及氨挥发。The effect of Ipomoea aquatica floating-bed on the quantity and distribution of nitrogen cycling bacteria and nitrogen removal was investigated in plastic tanks using I. aquatica as floating-bed plant. The results showed that the number of total nitrogen cycling bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, nitrosobacteria, nitrobacteria in the I. aquatica floating- bed system was significantly higher than that in the control （P〈0.01）. No significant difference was found for the number of denitrifying bacteria between I. aquatica floating-bed system and the control （ P〉0.05 ）. The number of total nitrogen cycling bacteria in I. aquatica floating-bed （7×10^5-3×10^8 MPN/g） was 2 to 5 orders of magnitude higher than that in the control （3×10^2-5× 10^6MPN/g）. The dominant group in the I. aquatica floating-bed system was ammonifying bacteria throughout the test period （P〈0.01）. But the dominant group in the control had changed during the test period. The dominant bacteria group in the control was ammonifying bacteria at the sixth and twelfth day of sampling （ P〈0.05 ）, while ammonifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria were dominant at the nineteenth and thirty-third day of sampling （ P〈0.05 ）. The dominant group in the control was denitrifying bacteria at the twenty-sixth day of sampling （P〈0.05）. The difference in the distribution of ammonifying bacteria was not significant among endo-rhizosphere, rhizoplane and water. Nitrosobacteria was mainly distributed in the endo-rhizosphere and rhizoplane. Nitrobacteria was mainly distributed in therhizoplane and denitrifying bacteria was mainly distributed in the water. The removal rate of NH4＋-N was 91.8% in the I. aquatica floating-bed system and 88.5% in the control, respectively. NH3 volatilization could be the main way of NH4＋- N removal in the control. Microbial nitrification could be the main way of NH4＋-N removal in the I. aquatica floating-bed system. Since I. aquatica covered only 10% of the water surface in the floating-be

关 键 词：浮床空心菜 氮循环细菌 分布 氮素净化 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]