老年人及其照料者对老年期常见精神障碍症状和预防知识的知晓率  

Awareness of symptoms and preventive knowledge of common psychiatric disorders in elderly and their caregivers

作　　者：杨宁[1] 颜瑜章 陈力鸣 胡号应[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市精神病医院,广州510370 [2]广州市天河区慢性病防治中心,广州510665 [3]广州市白云区慢性病防治中心,广州510425

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2012年第5期327-331,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的:调查老年人及其照料者对老年期常见精神障碍症状和预防知识的知晓情况,了解精神卫生健康知识的普及程度和探索宣传教育的重点。方法:采用方便抽样的方法,经简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)筛查后,对广州市431名老年人及423名老年人照料者进行老年期常见精神障碍的症状和预防知识问卷调查,比较老年人和照料者两组间对精神障碍相关知识知晓率的差异。结果:老年人组及照料者组对精神障碍相关知识的知晓率差异无统计学意义(74.4%vs.75.5%,P>0.05)。老年人组对老年痴呆最常见原因及老年抑郁症主要病因的知晓率均低于照料者组(36.2%vs.47.0%,26.2%vs.43.0%,均P<0.01);老年人组对过分关注身体健康、无故怀疑自己生病属心理问题及老年人抑郁症身体表现的知晓率均高于照料者组(88.9%vs.83.7%,84.0%vs.76.4%,均P<0.01)。城市老年人及照料者的知晓率均高于农村老年人及照料者(77.4%vs.70.9%,77.3%vs.73.6%,均P<0.05),且老年人组中教育程度高者知晓率较高(P<0.01)。结论:广州市老年人群及其照料者中精神卫生健康知识普及程度总体较好,而精神障碍病因或致病因素等方面的健康教育仍需加强。Objective： To investigate the awareness of symptoms and preventive knowledge of common psy- chiatric disorders in elderly and their caregivers, and to explore the focus of education of mental health knowledge. Methods： By cluster sampling and assessing with Mini Mental State Examination （MMSE）, 431 elder- ly people and 423 caregivers in Guangzhou were selected. They were investigated with the questionnaire of symp- toms and preventive knowledge of common psychiatric disorders in the elderly. Results： In this sample, there was no difference between the elderly people and the caregivers in the awareness rate for common psychiatric disorders in the elderly （74. 4% vs. 75. 5%, P 〉0. 05）. The awareness rate of mainly cause to dementia and depression were lower in the elderly group than in the caregiver group （36.2% vs. 47.0%, 26. 2% vs. 43.0%, Ps 〈0. 01）, but the awareness rate of psychological issues and physical symptoms for depression were higher in the elderly group than in the caregiver group （88.9% vs. 83.7%, 84. 0% vs. 76.4%, Ps 〈0.05）. The awareness rates in the urban elderly and the caregiver arouD were both higher than in the rural ones, （77. 4% vs. 70.9%vs.73.6%v, P5 〈0. 01）. The awareness rates were higher in elderly group with higher education level （P 〈 0. 01）. Conclusion： It suggests that the knowledge of common psychiatric disorders in elderly people may be known well in general, but the health education of etiology of common psychiatric disorders should be strengthened.

关 键 词：老年人 照料者 精神疾病 知晓率 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R395.6[医药卫生—临床医学]