两种植被屋面降雨期间调峰控污效能分析  

Analysis on the effect of runoff retention and pollution load control for two vegetation roofs during rainfall events

作　　者：王书敏[1,2] 何强[1] 孙兴福[1] 王振涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045 [2]重庆文理学院化学与环境工程学院,重庆402168

出　　处：《重庆大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第5期137-142,共6页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07315-001);重庆市课题(CSTC;2010BB1351;KJ111204)

摘　　要：为了解植被屋面的调峰控污效能,重新定义了植被屋面运行效能的评估标准,根据《屋顶绿化设计规范》构建了2个植被屋面(麦冬屋顶和接骨草屋顶),并进行了测试研究。结果表明,麦冬屋顶可延缓降雨产流25～48min,消减降雨径流40%～58%,而接骨草屋顶则可延缓降雨产流60～130min,消减降雨径流54%～80%。除磷酸盐外,2个植被屋面对亚硝酸盐、氨氮、总磷、COD、总氮和硝酸盐的污染负荷的消减率可分别达到95.1%～98.6%、87.2%～93%、72.4%～83%、76%～81.8%、68.7%～78.4%和40.9%～60.6%。其中植被屋面径流的pH、COD、氨氮和总磷浓度均达到地表水环境质量Ⅲ类标准;同时,在中和酸沉降方面,2个植被屋顶具有相似的效能,可将降雨的pH从5.8～6.0升高到7.0～7.6。种植植物对植被屋面的运行效能有重要影响,对于麦冬和接骨草来说,麦冬有较强的磷污染控制能力,而接骨草对氮污染控制能力较好。In order to understand the effect of runoff retention and pollution load control for vegetation roofs during rainfall events, the evaluation criterion of vegetation roof performance is redefined and two vegetation roofs are established artificially based on the code fo; the design of roof greening, which is investigated during rainfall events. Results show that ophiopogon japonicus roof can delay the production of runoff by 25 - 48 rain compared to the rain occurring and retention runoff volume by 40%- 58%, while sambucus dhinensis roof can make the generation of runoff 60 - 130 rain later than the rain beginning and runoff volume retention can be as high as 54%-80%. In addition to PO^3-4-P, the reduction of pollution load of NO^-2-N, NHa-N, TP, COD, TN and NO/-N by both vegetation roofs can reach 95. 1%-98. 6%, 87.2%-93%, 72.4%-83%, 76%-81.8%, 68.7%-78.4% and 40. 9%-60. 6% respectively. The level of pH, COD, NH3-N and TP in vegetation roofs runoff can meet class Ⅲ surface water standard. Meanwhile, both vegetation roofs have similar effect in neutralization acid deposition （i. e. , from 5.8 - 6.0 （in rainwater） to 7. 0 - 7. 6 （in eco-roof runoff water））. Plants grown on vegetation roofs can influence the performance of vegetation roofs. Based on the results, ophiopogon japonicus has an advantage of sambueus chinensis in controlling phosphorus pollution, while sambucus chinensis manifests better in reducing nitrogen load. Vegetation roofs are becoming an important urban landscape more and more, and study results in this paper provide references for the improvement of vegetation roofs construction and more reasonable evaluation of their running performance.

关 键 词：植被屋顶 效能 污染负荷 控制 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]