生产性含镍粉尘致癌作用的实验病理观察  

Pathological Observation on Inhalation Carcinogenicity of Industrial Nickel Dust in Rats

作　　者：马国云[1] 李真观[1] 王炳森[1] 郭根来 闵嗣蕴 李世俊 

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336 [2]甘肃省金昌市金川有色金属公司劳动卫生职业病研究所,甘肃金昌737100

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2012年第5期318-320,共3页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]探讨生产性含镍粉尘的致癌作用。[方法]Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为3组:选矿组和冶炼组分别暴露于镍选矿及冶炼车间,自然吸入粉尘,正常对照组饲养于职工医院生活区。实验全程历时2年,结束后对大鼠做详细的病理组织学检查。[结果]现场暴露共诱发肺部肿瘤4例,选矿组1例为肺腺癌(检出率为14.3%),冶炼组3例(其中2例肺腺癌,1例肺鳞癌),检出率为42.9%。肺部肿瘤平均潜伏期为20.5个月。[结论]吸入镍冶炼车间粉尘有一定程度致癌作用,选矿车间粉尘致癌作用较弱。[ Objective ] To study the carcinogenicity of industrial nickel dust in rats by inhalation study. [ Methods ] Male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups： 2 test groups were exposed to mineral dust at scintillation site and dust at smelt site respectively for 2 years; and 1 control group was raised at non-exposure area with normal feeding. Histopathological examinations were then carried out on the rats survived or died during the experiment. [ Results ] A total of 4 cases of pulmonary tumors were induced in 2 test groups： 1 pulmonary adenocarcinoma case in mineral dust group （positive rate was 14.3%）; 2 pulmonary adenocarcinoma cases and 1 pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma case in smelt dust group （positive rate was 42.9%）. The average latency period for lung cancer was 20.5 months. [ Conclusion ] Industrial nickel dust in smelting workshops may be carcinogenic to rat, and that in ore scintillation workshops may possess weaker carcinogenic activity.

关 键 词：镍 致癌作用 实验病理 

分 类 号：R36[医药卫生—病理学]