山东临沂市254名农村婴幼儿血清视黄醇和类胡萝卜素水平及其与相关膳食因素的关系  

Serum retinol and carotenoid of rural infants and young children in Linyi of Shangdong Province and analysis on their related influencing dietary factors

作　　者：范萍[1] 沈遥[2] 李永华[3] 马爱勤[4] 孙忠清[1] 汪之顼[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,南京210029 [2]湖南师范大学化学生物学与中药分析教育部重点实验室 [3]济宁医学院公共卫生学院 [4]上海市第六人民医院奉贤分院营养科

出　　处：《卫生研究》2012年第3期424-428,共5页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;Nestle Foundation项目(2009)

摘　　要：目的为了解农村婴幼儿血清维生素A(VA)营养状况和血清类胡萝卜素水平,以及两者关系和相关影响因素而开展本研究。方法采用整群抽样方法,对山东省临沂市某镇辖区内254名6～24月龄健康婴幼儿进行健康体检和喂养状况调查。采集足背静脉血样,用高效液相色谱法测定血清视黄醇和β-胡萝卜素、α-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄素及叶黄素+玉米黄素含量。用膳食频率法回顾性调查婴幼儿最近一个月内的各类食物摄入状况,分析喂养状况与血清视黄醇和类胡萝卜素水平的关系。结果被调查婴幼儿血清视黄醇浓度平均为(0.96±0.55)μmol/L,不同月龄段间没有明显差异(P>0.05);血清VA缺乏率为40.6%,边缘性VA缺乏率为32.6%。血清β-胡萝卜素、α-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄素和叶黄素+玉米黄素浓度的平均值分别为(0.056±0.088)μmol/L、(3.3±12.1)nmol/L、(27.0±45.2)nmol/L和(0.22±0.22)μmol/L。不同月龄段儿童血清叶黄素+玉米黄素浓度存在差异(P<0.05),13～18月龄段低于6～12月龄儿童。母乳喂养和配方奶粉是影响婴幼儿血清视黄醇和β-胡萝卜素水平的主要因素。母乳喂养频率与β-胡萝卜素水平呈负相关(P<0.05),而配方粉喂养频率与血清视黄醇和除α-胡萝卜素以外的类胡萝卜素水平呈正相关(均为P<0.05);水果蔬菜喂养频率则只与血清β-胡萝卜素、α-胡萝卜素和β-隐黄素浓度呈正相关。血清视黄醇与类胡萝卜素各组分,以及类胡萝卜素各组分之间,具有显著正相关关系(均为P<0.001)。结论调查的农村婴幼儿血清VA营养状况较差,血清β-胡萝卜素、α-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄素及叶黄素+玉米黄素浓度与母乳、配方奶粉、水果蔬菜添加等喂养状况关系密切。Objective The study was carried out to determine serum retinol andcarotenoid of infants factors. Methods and young children in rural areas, and to explore their related dietary A total of 254 rural healthy infants and young children aged 6-24 month-old were recruited from a program for health examination and feeding survey conducted in villages in Meibu of Linyi of Shandong Province by cluster sampling method. Serum retinol, β-carotene, α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin and lutein ＋ zeaxanthin were detected with HPLC. The frequency of food intake of babies during the past month was inquired from their mothers or baby-sitters. The relationship between serum retinol and carotenoid level with some factors related to feeding pattern was analyzed. Results The average serum retinol was （0. 96±0.55）μmol/L with little variation by age （P 〉 0. 05）. The prevalence of serum vitamin A deficiency and marginal deficiency were 40.6% and 32.6%. The average serum β-carotene, a-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin and lutein ＋ zeaxanthinwere （0.056±0.088）μmol/L, （3.3±12.1）μmol/L, （27.0±45.2）μmol/L and （0.22±0.22）μmol/L, respectively, and no significant difference between age groups on serum β-carotene, α-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin （all were P 〉 0. 05） except lutein ＋ zeaxanthin （P 〈 0.05 ）. Breast feeding and formula feeding were significant dietary factors influencing serum retinol and carotenoids levels. The frequency of breast-feeding was correlated significantly with serum β-carotene （P 〈 0.05 ）. Serum retinol was correlated positively with carotenoids and among carotenoids with each other （all were P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusion Vitamin A deficiency and marginal deficiency were prevalent in the investigated infants and young children. Serum carotenoid was little variation with age, but was different significantly with dietary patterns fed by breast milk, formula, or fruits and vegetables.

关 键 词：视黄醇 维生素A 类胡萝卜素 血清浓度 婴幼儿 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] Q562[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]