司马迁历史变易思想的理论渊源  

Origins of Sima Qian's Theory of Changes in History

作　　者：汪高鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院史学理论与史学史研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2012年第3期109-114,共6页Journal of Zhengzhou University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目"二十四史的民族史撰述研究"(项目号:10YJA770047)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：司马迁历史变易思想的理论渊源主要有三:《周易》的通变思想、邹衍的"五德"说和董仲舒的"三统"说。《周易》的通变思想是司马迁历史变易思想的哲理基础,为其解说历史的重要思想依据;邹衍"五德"说对司马迁历史变易思想的影响,主要表现在《史记》所构建的五帝、三王和秦汉历史系统采纳了"五德"说,同时《史记》宣扬的革命思想也符合"五德"相胜之义;董仲舒"三统"说对司马迁历史变易思想的影响,包括《史记》受"民皇帝王"论的影响而创立五帝、三王古史系统、以"三道"循环变易来解说三代的历史、以"三正"循环而倡导汉朝"行夏之时"和强调变道的历史发展观等四个方面。Sima Qian's idea of changes in history came from three sources: The Book of Changes,Zou Yan's idea of Five Virtues,and Dong Zhongshu's idea of Three Heritages.The Book of Changes laid down the philosophical basis for Sima Qian's idea of changes in history.Zou Yan's idea of Five Virtues was adopted by Sima Qian when he constituted his systems of the three sage kings,the five virtuous emperors,the Qin and the Han dynasties.Dong Zhongshu's idea of Three Heritages manifested itself in Sima Qian's interpretation of the three earliest dynasties as well as the legendary rulers before them.

关 键 词：司马迁 历史变易思想 通变思想 “五德”说 “三统”说 理论渊源 

分 类 号：K03[历史地理—历史学]