我国九省眼病调查中江西省吉安县50岁及以上人群白内障患病率和手术状况的调查  

Prevalence of blindness and low vision among adults aged 50 years or above in Ji＇ an county of Jiangxi province： the China Nine-Province Survey

作　　者：罗荣[1] 赵家良[2] 易敬林[1] 谢晖[1] 白永泉[1] 杨海军[1] Leon B．Ellwein 赖平红[1] 李岚[1] 黄亮[1] 杜红岩[1] 王羽[4] 高学成[4] 陆宏[5] 

机构地区：[1]江西省人民医院眼科,南昌330006 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院眼科 [3]美国国家眼科研究所 [4]国家卫生部医政司 [5]南通大学附属医院眼科

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2012年第6期530-536,共7页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的调查江西省吉安县50岁及以上人群中白内障患病率、白内障手术效果、白内障手术覆盖率和白内障盲人社会负担率。方法采用整群随机抽样方法。2006年9至11月在江西省吉安县抽取50岁及以上成人5010名进行视力和眼部检查，包括评价晶状体混浊程度和白内障手术情况。应用多元逻辑回归分析受检者的年龄、性别和受教育程度对白内障患病率、白内障手术覆盖率、白内障盲人社会负担率及白内障术后视力效果的影响。结果在5010例受检者中，发现白内障1158例，患病率为23．11％。高龄、女性人群白内障患病率明显增高，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。在施行白内障手术的99只眼中，采用现代囊外白内障摘除术联合人工晶状体（IOL）植入术50只眼（50．51％）、采用白内障超声乳化吸除联合IOL植入术5只眼（5．05％），IOL植入率为55．56％。术后日常生活视力和最佳矫正视力30．7的眼分别占总数的10．1％和45．5％，术后视力差的主要原因是晶状体后囊膜混浊和屈光不正。白内障手术覆盖率为32．29％，白内障盲人社会负担率为3．83％。随着年龄的增长，白内障盲人社会负担率逐渐增大，这种变化趋势有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论白内障是江西省吉安县50岁及以上人群的主要致盲性眼病。吉安县白内障手术覆盖率还不高，盲人社会负担率较重，IOL植人率偏低，白内障手术的视力预后有待于进一步提高。Objective To estimate the prevalence of cataract, the outcomes of cataract surgery, cataract surgical coverage rate, cataract blindness social burden rate in Ji＇an county of Jiangxi province, China. Methods Cluster sampling was used in randomly selected 5010 individuals aged I〉 50 years in Ji＇an county of Jiangxi province. All individuals were received visual acuity and eye examination, including the evaluation of lens status and cataract surgical status by slit lamp biomicroscopy. Data bank was established by Epi-info Software. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE Statistical Software, release 9.0 （ Stata Corp, College Station, TX）. Confidence intervals and P values （ considered significance at the P 〈 0.05 level） for prevalence of cataract, cataract surgical coverage rate, cataract blindness social burden rate and outcomes of surgery were calculated with adjustment for clustering effects and stratification associated with the sampling design. Results In 5010 individuals, 1158 cases of cataract were found, the prevalence of cataract was 23.11% among adults aged 50 or above. The prevalence of cataract was higher in the aged, female（P 〈0. 01 ）. In 99 eyes with cataract surgery, 50. 51% and 5.05% of eyes were performed by the modern extra-capsular surgery and phocoemusification respectively. The rate of intraocular lens implantation was 55.56%. Post-operative presenting and best corrected visual acuity equal to or more than 0. 7 was 10. 1% and 45.5% of operated eyes respectively. The main causes of the post-operated eyes with worse visual acuity were post-capsular opacity and refractive error. The cataract surgical coverage rate was 32. 29%, and the cataract blindness social burden rate was 3.83%. The cataract surgical rate was lower and cataract blindness social burden rate was higher in the aged persons （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions Cataract is the most common eye disease that may lead into blindness and severe visual impairment among older adults aged equal or more than 50 y

关 键 词：白内障 患病率 白内障摘除术 中年人 老年人 

分 类 号：R779.66[医药卫生—眼科]