阿尔茨海默病患者生命质量现状及影响因素分析  

Current status and influencing factors regarding quality of life among patients with Alzheimer＇ s disease

作　　者：邢敏[1] 艾永梅[1] 贺润莲[2] 高建伟[1] 宋平平[1] 王晓成[1] 高彩虹[1] 张慧敏[1] 余红梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院,太原030001 [2]太原市中心医院

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2012年第6期606-609,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：基金项目：国家自然科学基金（30972545）;山西省留学回国人员科技活动择优项目;山西医科大学科技创新项目

摘　　要：目的了解阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者的生命质量现状及影响因素。方法采用分层整群随机抽样抽取AD患者及其照料者各200例。调查问卷包括患者一般情况调查表、蒙特利尔认知评估量表及中文版阿尔茨海默病生命质量量表（QOL．AD），采用SPSS软件对资料进行描述性分析、配对t检验、方差分析、Pearson相关分析和多重线性回归分析，了解患者自评及照料者代评生命质量得分及患者生命质量的影响因素。结果AD患者自评得分（28．78±4．30）低于照料者代评得分（30．05±6．05），两者差异有统计学意义（t=2．122，P〈0．05），且两者呈正相关关系（r=0.312，P〈0．001）。多因素分析表明AD患者的生命质量影响因素分别为认知水平（t=3．465，P=0．001）、夫妻关系（t=3．062，P=0．003）、参加居民区公益活动（t=2．581，P=0．011）、性格（t=2．254，P=0．026）、控制食量（t=3．614，P〈0．001）、饮茶（t=2．652，P=0．009）及做家务情况（t=3．180，P=0．002）。结论AD患者生命质量自评得分低于照料者代评得分；AD患者生命质量与诸多因素有关，可据此采取有针对性的措施，提高患者生命质量。Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors regarding quality of life among patients with Alzheimer＇ s disease （AD）. Methods Through stratified cluster sampling method, two hundred patients with AD and their caregivers were chosen and interviewed. AD patients were assessed by questionnaires, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Quality of Life- Alzheimer＇ s Disease （QOL-AD） , in order to compare the reports from patients and caregivers on QOL-AD and to analyze related influencing factors. Descriptive analysis, paired t-test, analysis of variance （ANOVA）, Pearson＇ s correlation and multiple linear regression were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science （SPSS）. Results The scores of reports from patients （28.78± 4.30） were lower than that from the caregivers＇ （30.05 ±6.05）. The difference was statistically significant （t=2.122, P〈0.05） and was positively correlated （r=0.312, P〈0.001）. Data from multivariate analysis showed that cognitive level （t=3.465, P=0.001 ）, marriage relationship （t= 3.062, P=0.003 ）, having public activities （t=2.581, P= 0.011 ）, personal characters （t =2.254, P = 0.026）, restricted diet pattern （t=3.614, P〈0.001 ）, regularly drinking tea （t=2.652, P=0.009） and doing housework （t=3.180, P=0.002） were predictive factors. Conclusion Scores from the caregiver＇ s report on QOL-AD were higher than that from the patients＇. Many factors influenced the quality of life on AD patients. Strategies on improving the quality of life among AD patients can be developed based on the findings of this study.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 生命质量 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]