2004—2009年黄河口近岸海域低盐区面积的变化趋势研究  

Study on the Change of Low-Salinity Area in the Yellow River Estuary and Its Coastal Zone from 2004 to 2009

作　　者：肖纯超[1] 张龙军[1] 杨建强[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第6期40-46,43-46,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家海洋公益性重点资助项目(20080508006)资助

摘　　要：近年来黄河入海淡水量显著降低,而且年内分布极其不均匀,河口区的盐度场发生了重大变化。准确了解河口近岸海域的低盐区面积及其变化趋势,对于河口生态系统的研究极为重要。本文通过对2004—2009年丰、枯水期黄河口近岸海域低盐区面积大小的分析,建立了低盐区面积与黄河径流量的关系。结果表明,2004—2009年丰、枯水期低盐区面积与月径流量均呈现较好的线性关系,增加单位平方千米盐度小于27的低盐区面积需要增加的月径流量约为0.046亿m3;若要维持紧邻河口的3号方区海域的平均盐度小于27,月径流量应保持在50亿m3以上。此外,年内黄河口近岸海域低盐区面积的较大值主要集中在6～11月份,均高于370km2,而4、5月份的低盐区面积却不足200km2,春季生态补水刻不容缓。In recent years, the salinity field varies dramatically due to the declined discharge of yellow river to the sea and its heterogeneous levels within months. It is crucial for esturaine ecosystem research to evaluate the low salinity area and its variation tendency. Based upon the analysis on the low-salinity ar- ea in the Yellow River estuary and its coastal zone in flood and non-flood seasons from 2004 to 2009, a re- lationship between the area of low-salinity region and river discharge was built. The results showed that there is a good linear relationship between the low-salinity area in the Yellow River Estuary and its coastal zone and the monthly runoff both in flood and non-flood seasons, every increase square kilometers of low- salinity area, where salinity less than 27, needs a runoff of probably 0. 0046 billion cubic meters; To maintain an average salinity less than 27 in the No. 3 square region would need a monthly runoff above 5 billion cubic meters. In addition, the large value of low-salinity area in the Yellow River Estuary and its coastal zone within a year mainly appears from June to November which was more than 370 km2 , artificial recharge for ecological restoration was urgently needed in spring when low-salinity area is less than 200 km2 .

关 键 词：黄河口 低盐区面积 生态补水 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]