职业性慢性苯中毒发病特点与防治对策探讨  

Analysis on morbidity features of occupational chronic benzene poisoning and related control strategies for prevention and treatment

作　　者：胡世杰[1] 郑倩玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2012年第3期209-212,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金项目(B2008005)

摘　　要：目的分析2006—2011年广东省职业性慢性苯中毒发病特点,提出预防、控制策略。方法回顾性分析2006—2011年广东省报告的职业性慢性苯中毒流行病学特征。结果①2006—2011年广东省报告病例共225例,2009—2011年呈现快速增长趋势,其诊断人数为2006—2008年的2.26倍(156/69);②男性131例(58.2%),女性94例(41.8%);③发病年龄17～51(34.5±7.6)岁,以青壮年为主,<45岁发病者为89.8%;④发病工龄,苯接触工龄中位数为3.75年,工龄<5年发病者为64.9%;⑤以深圳、东莞、广州和佛山4个地级市多见(86.7%);⑥病例分布以散发为主。所有病例分布于172家企业,82.6%企业仅发生1例病例,17.4%企业发生2～7例病例,中、小型非公有经济企业占73.3%;⑦行业以轻工业多见(66.7%)。结论广东省职业性慢性苯中毒发病未得到有效遏制,发病呈总体上升趋势,应建立合理有效的管理机制,重点综合防治。Objective To analyze the morbidity features of occupational chronic benzene poisoning from 2006 to 2011 in Guangdong province and to put forward its control strategies for prevention and treatment. Methods The epidemiologic features of the data of occupational chronic benzene poisoning reported from 2006 to 2011 in Guangdong province were analyzed retrospectively. Results （1） 225 cases were reported from 2006 to 2011 in Guangdong province. The number of cases from 2009 to 2011 increased rapidly, which was 2. 26 times higher than the period from 2006 to 2008. （2） There were 131 males （58.2%） and 94 females （41.8%）. （3） Most of the patients were young adults and the average age of onset of the disease was 17 - 51 （ 34. 5 ± 7.6）years old, while the incidence under the age of 45 was 89. 8% which showed a young tendency. （4） The median length of benzene exposure of the patients was 3.75 years, while the patients under 5-year exposure were 64. 9%. （5）86. 7% of the patients came from Shenzhen, Dongguan, Guangzhou and Foshan in the Pearl River Deha. （6）The incidences of patients were mainly sporadic. All the patients were from 172 enterprises only 1 case was reported in 82. 6% of the enterprises and in 2 -7 cases were merely reported in 17. 4% of the enterprises. 73.3% of the morbidity focused on small and medium-sized and non-publiee- conony enterprises. （7） The trade distribution focused on light industries （66. 7% ）. Conclusion Occupational chronic benzene poisoning in Guangdong province is not effectively controlled. On the whole, the morbidity has the trend of ascent. The effective reasonable management system should be established and comprehensive measures should be adopted to strengthen their prevention and treatment.

关 键 词：苯 慢性中毒 职业病防治 

分 类 号：R135.12[医药卫生—劳动卫生]