氧调控下人工湿地微生物群落结构变化研究  

Changes in Microbial Community Structure in Constructed Wetland Under Aeration Condition

作　　者：陶敏[1,2,3] 贺锋[1] 徐洪[1,4] 周巧红[1] 徐栋[1] 张丽萍[1] 吴振斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态和生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]湖北理工学院环境科学与工程学院,湖北黄石435003 [3]湖北理工学院矿区环境污染控制与修复湖北省重点实验室,湖北黄石435003 [4]中国地质大学(武汉),武汉430074

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2012年第6期1195-1202,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178452;50808172;50909091);湖北省杰出青年基金项目(2010CDA093);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAJ21B03-04);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07101007-005;2009ZX07106-002-004);湖北省教育厅科学技术研究项目(Q20114401);黄石理工学院引进人才项目(11yjz08R)

摘　　要：运用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)技术研究了氧调控下复合垂直流人工湿地(IVCW)微生物群落结构及活性变化,结果表明,不曝气IVCW基质表层以好氧微生物为优势种群,但绝大部分微生物都集中在0～20cm基质层,系统的净化空间受到限制;氧调控下微生物群落向基质纵深发展,表征好氧微生物的单不饱和脂肪酸的含量显著增加,曝气系统下行池表层各类群微生物的生物量为不曝气系统的2～6倍,表征微生物活性的PLFAs总不饱和度水平也明显升高;革兰氏阴性细菌成为曝气IVCW基质微生物群落的优势种群,群落具有更高的活性和专一性,提高了污染物的去除效果。因此,进一步研究微生物的这种适应机制可以为优化湿地系统提供一定的理论基础。Many previous results have shown that there is an improvement of ammonia removal while oxygen level inside wetland is enhanced. However, it remained unclear whether artificial aeration could improve the purification efficiency of constructed wetland and how the redox environment influence microbial community structure. Thus, changes in microbial community structure and activities in integrated vertical-flow constructed wefland（IVCW） under aeration condition were studied. The results showed that the aerobic microorganisms were the predominant group among the microbial community in surface substrate of non-aerated IVCW, but the most majority of microorganisms were concentrated in the 0-20 cm substrate layer, indicating that purifying efficiency of the system was limited. Artificial aeration enhanced growth of microbial community into depth, as well as significantly increased in microbial biomass and activity. The characteristic monounsaturated fatty acids of aerobic microorganisms were obviously increased, and the surface substrate microbial biomass in down-flow chamber of aerated system was 2 to 6 times of non-aerated system. The nnsaturation degree of total phospholipid fatty acids （PLFAs） significantly increased, indicating that microbial activity also enhanced. The gram-negative bacterial became the predominant group among the microbial community, so that it had a higher activity and improved pollutants removal. Therefore, further study of microbial adaptation mechanism can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing constructed wetland system.

关 键 词：复合垂直流人工湿地 氧调控 微生物群落结构 磷脂脂肪酸 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]