烯效唑干拌种对小麦氮素积累和运转及籽粒蛋白质品质的影响  

Effects of uniconazole dry seed dressing on nitrogen accumulation and translocation and kernel protein quality in wheat

作　　者：樊高琼[1] 杨恩年[2] 郑亭[1] 吴中伟[1] 王秀芳[1] 邵庆勤[3] 杨文钰[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,成都611130 [2]四川省农业科学院作物研究所,成都610066 [3]安徽科技学院植物科学学院,凤阳233100

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第12期3940-3949,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：四川省小麦丰产科技工程(2006BAD02A05);四川省育种攻关(2006YZGG-28)

摘　　要：通过田间试验,研究了不同烯效唑干拌种剂量对3个不同筋力小麦品种植株氮素积累、运转和籽粒蛋白质品质的影响,结果表明,基因型、环境及烯效唑处理对小麦品质的影响效应依次减小,且均达到了极显著水平,但三者的互作效应较小。烯效唑处理后提高了不同生态点下不同小麦品种籽粒蛋白质含量和产量,处理后的面筋含量和沉淀值增加,面团形成时间和稳定时间延长;干拌种增加了开花期各营养器官中的氮素含量和单株氮素积累量,花后氮素总转移量、总转移率及其对籽粒氮的贡献率极显著提高,且处理后旗叶中可溶性蛋白质含量在花后15 d内均显著高于对照;对籽粒中氮含量而言,烯效唑处理后提高了灌浆初期籽粒中的非蛋白氮含量,花后5—20 d内均高于对照,灌浆期间籽粒蛋白氮含量均高于对照,因而处理后的粗蛋白质含量变化动态特点为谷底高、回升快。研究认为,烯效唑处理如同基因、环境一样独立影响小麦籽粒品质,而烯效唑处理后提高了开花初期旗叶中的可溶性蛋白质含量和花前营养器官中氮素含量及花后氮素转运量,可能是其提高籽粒非蛋白氮含量、促进籽粒蛋白质含量增加和蛋白质质量提高的重要原因之一,烯效唑干拌种对小麦籽粒蛋白质品质的改善具有广适性。Wheat is the main food crop grown and consumed in Sichuan province,but the poor quality and inadaptability of the food processing industry has become a bottleneck for development of the Sichuan wheat industry.Uniconazole [（E）-（p-chlorophenyl）-4,4-dimethyl-2-（1,2,4-triazol-1-yl）-1-penten-3-ol] belongs to a group of triazoles,which were developed as a high efficiency,low toxic and residual plant growth retardant,Uniconazole plant growth regulators have a strong influence on seedling cultivation and markedly increase yields.Dry seed dressing is a safe and environmentally friendly method of chemical application compared with foliar application.However,its effect on wheat protein quality is rarely reported,so the relevant theoretical basis for increased wheat protein quality in response to uniconazole treatment is unclear.Therefore,the objectives of this study were,firstly,to study the effects on protein content,gluten content and quality,and dough rheological properties of different uniconazole concentrations（0,20,40,and 60 mg/kg） in three different gluten wheat cultivars（medium-weak gluten wheat Chuanmai 32 and Chuanmai 107,and medium-strong gluten wheat Chuanmai 36） in four representative wheat-growing regions in Sichuan（Qionglai in the West Sichuan Plain wheat area,Jingyan in the central Sichuan shallow-hills wheat area,Hanyuan in the southwest Sichuan mountains wheat area,and Yaan in the montane wheat area around the Sichuan Basin）.Secondly,we studied the effects of uniconazole dry seed dressing on nitrogen accumulation in vegetative organs and its transportation to grains,dynamics of the soluble protein content of the flag leaf,and dynamics of grain protein and non-protein nitrogen content.Thirdly,we explored the effect and mechanism of uniconazole dry seed dressing on nitrogen accumulation and translocation as well as the protein quality of the wheat kernel.The results showed that genotype,environment and uniconazole highly influenced wheat grain quality,and their effects decreased signi

关 键 词：小麦 烯效唑干拌种 籽粒品质 氮素积累和运转 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]