十堰市中小学校学生口腔疾病现状调查及影响因素分析  

Survey of Oral Diseases and Influencing Factors of Primary and Secondary School Students in Shiyan City

作　　者：喻成华[1] 许兴旺[1] 王静[1] 

机构地区：[1]十堰市疾病预防控制中心,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2012年第6期100-101,共2页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的通过对十堰市中小学生口腔疾病状况的调查,分析学生口腔问题的影响因素,为中小学生口腔疾病防治提供科学的依据。方法根据WHO口腔健康调查方法,采用问卷调查与口腔检查相结合,分层整群抽取45个调查点,共调查2088人,分为小学、初中和高中3个年龄组进行调查。结果十堰市中小学生各种口腔问题1531人次,达73.3%;其中小学口腔问题人次数为604人次,达62.3%;初中口腔问题人次数为411人次,达78.7%;高中口腔问题人次数为516人次,达86.4%。小学、初中和高中牙列不齐发生率分别为12.1%、16.9%和17.8%;小学、初中和高中牙结石和菌斑的发生率分别为33.4%、39.1%和43.4%;小学、初中和高中龋齿发生率分别为16.7%、23.6%和25.6%。结论随着学习阶段的升高,口腔疾病的发病率也持续增高。不良的口腔卫生和饮食习惯是引起口腔疾病的重要因素,另外,遗传、体育锻炼和当地水源水质也是不可忽略的因素。社会、学校、家长及学生应加强对口腔疾病的早期预防,养成良好的口腔卫生习惯,早晚刷牙,饭后漱口,少吃零食和糖果,对已发生的口腔疾病要早期检查,并进行及时有效的治疗,使中小学生的口腔疾病防治工作制度化、有序化和网络化。OBJECTIVE Through the survey of oral diseases of state primary and secondary in Shiyan City, analysis it＇ s affecting factors, to provide the scientific basis of oral diseases＇prevention and treatment of primary and secondary students. METHOD According to the WHO oral health survey methods, combined the questionnaire survey with the oral examination. Stratified cluster sample of 45 survey points divided into elementary, middle and high school to investigate the three age groups and 2 088 students in all. RESULT 1 531 oral problems in a variety of times students. Up to 73.3%, and the oral question on the number of primary and secondary schools is 604, up to 62.3%, the junior high schools＇ is 411, up to 78.7%, the high schools＇ is the 516, up to 86.4%, and the incidence of dentition irregularity of primary junior and high schools is 12.1%, 16.9%, 17.8%. Dental calculus and plaque＇ are 33.4%, 39.1%, 43.4% and the caries is 16.7%, 23.6% and 25.6%. CONCLUSION With the increasing stages of study, the incidence of oral disease has continued to increase. Poor oral health and eating habits are the important factors in causing oral diseases. In addition, the genetic, physical activity and local water quality are also the factors that can not be ignored. Society, schools, parents and students should enhance the early prevention and developing good habits of oral health, brushing morning and evening, mouthwash after meals, eat less snacks and candy. And to the oral disease that has occurred, we should check early and have a treatment timely and effectively to make the prevention work institutionalized, ordering and network of the oral disease of primary and secondary students.

关 键 词：中小学生 口腔卫生 口腔疾病 影响因素 

分 类 号：R155.6[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]