老年人人格、积极心理资源与抑郁的路径模型  

Relationship between personality, positive psychological resource and depression in elderly：a path model

作　　者：张阔[1] 李萌[1] 张赛[2] 

机构地区：[1]300071天津,南开大学社会心理学系 [2]武警医学院附属医院

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2012年第6期491-493,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目（09ZCZDSF04600）,南开大学基本科研业务专项资金项目（NKZXB10158）

摘　　要：目的考察老年人的人格和积极心理资源与其抑郁症状之间的关系，并探讨积极心理资源在易感人格和抑郁之间的中介作用。方法应用艾森克人格问卷简式量表中文版（EPQ—RSC）、自评抑郁量表（SDS）和积极心理资源的相关量表，对天津市270名社区老年人进行了调查。结果老年人的神经质与精神质人格与抑郁有显著的正相关（r分别为0．45和0．48），两种人格特质对老年人抑郁症状的方差贡献率为30％（F=49．95）；乐观、韧性、自我效能感等积极心理资源与抑郁有显著的负相关（r分别为-0．41、-0．39和～0．20），3种积极心理资源对老年人抑郁症状的方差贡献率为19％（F=30．02）；老年人的积极心理资源在易感人格和抑郁症状之间起部分中介作用。结论神经质和精神质人格是老年人抑郁的重要风险因素，乐观、韧性、自我效能感等积极心理资源是老年人抑郁的重要保护因素并在易感人格和抑郁症状之间起中介作用。Objective To explore the relation between personality and depression in elderly, particularly to investigate mediating effect of positive psychological resource. Methods The eyseuck personality questionairerevised short scale for Chinese（EPQ-RSC） ,self-rating depression scale（SDS） and scales for positive psychological resource were performed by 270 elderly in community of Tianjin. Then correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis were accomplished to explore association between those variables. Results Neuroticism and Psychoticism personality correlate positively with depression （ r= 0.45,0.48 ）and contribute about 30% variance of it （F= 49.95 ）. Positive psychological resource such as optimism, resilience and self-efficacy correlated negatively with depression （ r = - 0.41, - 0.39, - 0.20） and contributed 19% variance of it （F = 30.02）. The results of path analysis showed positive psychological resource mediated the relation between personality and depression also. Conclusion Neuroticism and Psyehotieism are important risk factors of depression in elderly. Positive psychological resource such as optimism, resilience and self-efficacy are key protecting factors for depression and they mediate the relation between vulnerable personality and depression.

关 键 词：老年人 人格 积极心理资源 抑郁 

分 类 号：B844.4[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]