青海省东部雨养区马铃薯高效施肥研究  

Rain feed region with high efficiency fertilization on potato in eastern part of Qinghai province

作　　者：田种存[1] 张洋[1] 张荣[1] 孙小凤[1] 张文英[1] 韩燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省农林科学院土壤肥料研究所,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2012年第11期83-85,共3页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2008BADA4B09)

摘　　要：采用田间小区试验，研究青海省马铃薯不同施肥模式下，产量、产量构成要素、水分利用效率、土壤硝态氮残留量的差异，探讨其对马铃薯生长特性的影响。结果表明：高产高效模式3的马铃薯产量、株高、结薯数、单株薯重、大中薯率、总生物量明显提高；高产高效模式2的总耗水量最低，水分利用效率显著增加；3种高产高施肥模式及农户模式处理下，作物水分利用效率均比常规农户处理高，提高5-30个百分点，其中高产高效模式3施肥处理水分利用效率增加显著。土壤硝态氮残留随施氮量的增加逐渐增大，高产高效模式2的土壤硝态氮残留量最高；土壤硝态氮的残留量在60-80cm达到最大值，在80-100cm处于最小值。结果可为雨养区马铃薯高产高效生产提供技术支撑。This experiment taken the field plot experiment, through the research of potato under different fertilization patterns of yield, yield components, water use efficiency, soil nitrate nitrogen residue in Qinghai province, discussed the effects of the growth characteristics of potato. The results showed that high yield efficient mode 3, yield, plant height, node number per plant, seed tuber of potato and potato, rate, total biomass significantly higher than that of other models; High yield efficient mode 2, minimum total water consumption, water use efficiency increased significantly than that of other models; Three high yield efficient mode and farmer pattern treatment, potato water use efficiency improve 5 ~30 points than conventional farmers processing, high yield efficient mode 3 water use efficiency increased significantly. Residual nitrate nitrogen in soil increases with nitrogen amount increases gradually, high yield efficient mode 2 residual nitrate was higher in the soil; Soil nitrate nitrogen residue in the 60-80 cm reached a maximum value, minimum value in 80-100 em. This can supply a technical support for high ＇yield efficient 13otato production in rain feed region of Oinghai province.

关 键 词：青海省 雨养区 马铃薯 高效施肥 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]