基因工程在提高微藻生产生物柴油能力中的应用前景  

THE APPLICATION OF GENETIC ENGINEERING IN IMPROVING THE ABILITY OF MICROALGAE FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION

作　　者：潘克厚[1] 韩吉昌[1] 朱葆华[1] 张琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室应用微藻生物学研究室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2012年第2期33-43,共11页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB200901);国家自然科学基金项目(40976076)资助

摘　　要：石油消耗,气候变化,能源安全等问题的日益突出,使得可再生能源研究逐渐受到世界各地的关注。微藻富含油脂,具有很多独特的优势,在生物柴油领域被寄予厚望,但利用微藻生产生物柴油也有许多问题亟待解决。通过基因工程的手段对微藻进行改造有可能是解决这一问题的突破点。国内外通过基因工程手段在高等植物、微藻、微生物中均实现过提高油脂含量或改变油脂组成的目的,而这些经验能够为基因工程在微藻中的应用起到很好的指导作用。对此,本文作了比较详细的介绍以期为利用微藻生产生物柴油提供些有价值的信息。Owing to the prominent contradiction of exhausting fossil fuels and growing energy demands, the development and utilization of renewable energy has attracted worldwide atten- tion. People are eager to find a substitute for fossil fuels. However, raw material has been the “bottleneck” which restricts the development of biodiesel. Microalgae are rich in lipid content, and have many unique advantages compared to traditional energy crops. So microal- gae have been considered as an excellent choice of biodiesel. However, there are several problems needed to be solved before microalgae used for biodiesel production in a large scale. Modifying the metabolism pathway of microalgae through genetic engineering may be the way which can thoroughly solve those problems. Many important improvements have been a- chieved, including increased lipid contents and optimized lipid components in high plants or microalgae through genetic engineering. This review is focused on potential avenues of ge- netic engineering that may be undertaken in microalgae for the purpose of improving the pro- ductivity of biodiesel.

关 键 词：微藻 基因工程 生物柴油 

分 类 号：Q812[生物学—生物工程]