北部湾潮间带波纹巴非蛤体内石油烃和多氯联苯的分布及风险评价  

Distribution and pollution assessment of total petroleum hydrocarbon and polychlorinated biphenyls in the intertidal clam Paphia undulata along the Beibu Gulf

作　　者：周游[1] 孟范平[1] 程凤莲[1] 杜秀萍[1] 李祥蕾[1] 白卫南[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,青岛266100

出　　处：《环境化学》2012年第6期814-822,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项经费(201005012)资助

摘　　要：2011年春季在北部湾沿岸潮间带布设9个站位,采集双壳类动物波纹巴非蛤(Paphia undulata)并测定其软组织中的石油烃(TPH)和多氯联苯(PCBs)含量,研究两种污染物的分布特征、评价其生物质量并对巴非蛤体内残留PCBs可能造成的人体健康风险进行评价.结果表明,各站位TPH和∑PCBs含量范围分别为56.76—199.49μg.g-1和14.19—52.71 ng.g-1(干质量(dw)),就PCBs的组成而言,高氯代PCBs(PCB153、PCB180、PCB194)为优势同族体,所占比重较大.污染指数计算结果显示,除北海西场海域外,各站位的巴非蛤均受到TPH的重度污染,港口区尤为严重;而所有站位的巴非蛤均未受到PCBs污染.健康风险评价结果显示,所有站位的巴非蛤体内PCBs的非致癌风险处于可接受水平(RQ<1),但是,大多数站位的致癌风险指数(0.83×10-6—3.53×10-6)高于可接受的致癌风险低值(1×10-6),而存在一定的潜在致癌风险.Marine bivalve Paphia undulata samples were collected from 9 sampling sites distributed in the intertidal zone along the Beibu Gulf in the spring of 2011. Concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbon （TPH） and polychlorinated biphenyls（PCBs） in the soft tissue of bivalve samples were determined in order to study the spatial distribution of these organic pollutants, and assess the biological quality and the human health risk from PCBs. The results showed that the contents of TPH in bivalve samples ranged from 56.76 to 199.49 ~g.g-~ （dry weight）, the total PCBs （EPCBs） ranged from 14. 19 to 52. 71 ng. g-1 （dry weight）. For the components of PCBs, the higher chlorinated congeners such as PCB153, PCB180, PCB194 were predominant. Calculation of Pollution Index showed that, all the samples （ except the Xichang station in Beihai, Guangxi Province） from Beibu Gulf intertidal zone were suffering serious TPH pollution, especially in the harbor areas, while all the samples were not contaminated by PCBs. All the stations＇ non-carcinogenic risk were acceptable （ RQ 〈 1 ）, but the carcinogenic risk index within the scope of 0.83 x 10 -6-3.53 x 10 -6 for PCBs in most locations exceeded the lowest baseline level of acceptable carcinogenic risk （1 x10-6）, which may cause health risk to humans to some extent.

关 键 词：北部湾 石油烃(TPH) 多氯联苯(PCBs) 波纹巴非蛤 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X820.4