四川震灾重建后学校水与环境卫生状况调查  

Investigation on water and environment sanitation in rural schools during reconstruction after the 2008 earthquake in Sichuan Province

作　　者：刘保华[1] 臧照芳[2] 付彦芬[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心农村改水技术指导中心

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2012年第3期15-17,共3页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的通过在地震灾区重建后开展学校水与环境卫生现状调查研究,了解灾后重建学校水与环境卫生现状,为灾区学校开展水与环境卫生重建工作提供科学依据。方法调查在10个重灾县中选取3个县,共9所已经重建的农村学校,对供水情况及饮用水水质、厕所及粪便处理、垃圾收集及处理、污水排放及处理以及上述水与环境卫生设施的维护和管理情况,食品安全等进行调查。结果学校环境卫生基本情况较好,在食品卫生方面持健康证上岗工作人员比例为95%,卫生厕所比例较高。饮用水合格率为66.67%,只有11.11%的学校设有医务室。结论与地震之前的其他乡镇学校相比,学校环境卫生基本情况较好,但饮用水的合格率较低,医务室较少,学校存在卫生安全隐患。因此建议教育和卫生部门应加强联系、加大卫生监督、监测力度,切实保障灾后学生的身体健康。Objective To understand the current status of water and sanitation in rural schools during reconstruction after the 2008 earthquake in Sichuan and tried to find out the existing problems so as to provide evidence for carrying out water and sanitation reconstruction after earthquake. Methods 9 schools of 3 counties out of the 10 worst-hit counties in Sichuan were selected to carry out the survey. The main contents of the survey included ： water supply system, drinking water quality, latrine and excreta disposal, sewage disposal and processing, maintenance and management of the above-mentioned water supply and sanitation facilities in schools, and food safety as well. Results The proportion of staff holding health certificate posts in food hygiene was 95%, the proportion of sanitary latrines was high. The qualification rate of drinking water was rather low, only 11.11 percent of the school had clinics. Conclusions Compared with schools in other towns before earthquake, environmental health was improved, the qualification rate of drinking water was still low, the number of the clinics was few. It is recommended that the relation between the education and health departments should be strengthened, health supervision and surveillance should be promoted, to ensure the health of the students.

关 键 词：农村学校 食品安全 饮用水 厕所 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]