中国黄牛Y-STRs遗传多样性与起源研究  

Genetic Diversity and Origin Based on Y-STRs in Chinese Cattle

作　　者：常振华[1] 黄洁萍[2] 徐苹[2] 李冉[2] 张润锋[3] 陈宏[2] 雷初朝[2] 

机构地区：[1]渭南职业技术学院,陕西渭南714000 [2]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]湖北师范学院生命科学学院,湖北黄石435002

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2012年第3期9-13,共5页China Cattle Science

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才计划(NCET-07-0699);湖北省自然科学基金(2008CDB064);国家肉牛产业技术体系(CARS-38)

摘　　要：[目的]研究中国黄牛Y染色体STRs的遗传多样性及父系起源。[方法]利用非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,选择2个牛Y-STRs位点INRA189和BM861,分析16个中国地方黄牛品种284头公牛与4头缅甸黄牛公牛的Y染色体遗传多样性。[结果]在中国16个黄牛品种中,2个Y-STR位点可以区分中国黄牛中的普通牛和瘤牛类型,表明中国黄牛有普通牛和瘤牛两种父系起源。4头缅甸黄牛均为瘤牛类型。在中国16个黄牛品种中,普通牛和瘤牛分布频率分别为57.0%和43.0%,其中普通牛频率在北方黄牛中占优势(98.3%),瘤牛频率在南方黄牛中占优势(76.1%),中原黄牛中普通牛频率较高为63.8%,瘤牛频率为36.2%。[结论]中国黄牛存在普通牛和瘤牛两种父系起源;普通牛频率自北向南逐渐减少,瘤牛频率自北向南逐渐增加,中原地区为普通牛和瘤牛的交汇处。[Objective]To determine the genetic diversity of Y chromosomal STR and paternal origin of Chinese yellow cattle. [Method]Two hundred and eighty four bull samples from 16 Chinese native cattle breeds and 4 bulls from Burmese cattle were analyzed using non-denaturation PAGE based on two Y-STR markers of INRA189 and BM861. [Results]Sixteen Chinese native cattle breeds indicated Bos taurus and Bos indicus haplotypes by using INRA189 and BM861 markers, domenstrating Bos taurus and Bos indicus paternal origins. Bos indicus haplotype was detected in four Burmese cattle. Among 16 Chinese cattle breeds, the frequencies of Bos taurus haplotype and Bos indicus haplotype were 57.0~ and 43.0%, respec- tively. Bos taurus haplotype was dominated in the northern Chinese cattle group （98. 3~//00）, while Bos indicus haplotype was dominated in the southern Chinese cattle group （76. 1%）. Central Chinese cattle group had higher frequency of Bos taurus haplotype with 63.8% and lower frequency of Bos indicus haplo- type with 36.2%. [Conclusion]Chinese cattle breeds had two distinct paternal origins of Bos taurus and Bos indicus . The Bos taurus haplotype frequency of Chinese cattle decreased from North to South, and Bos indicus haplotype frequency increased from North to South, so the Central China became a hybrid zone of indicine and taurine cattle.

关 键 词：黄牛 Y-STRS 单倍型 父系起源 

分 类 号：S813.1[农业科学—畜牧学]