甘肃产艾叶挥发油的化学成分及遗传毒性研究  

Study on Chemical Constituents and Genotoxicity of Volatile Oil in Artemisia argyi from Gansu

作　　者：兰美兵[1] 余永莉[1] 卢巍[1] 刘茂生[1] 郑衍芳[1] 杨会营[1] 李啸红[1] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院珠海校区人体解剖学与组织胚胎学教研室,广东珠海519041

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2012年第13期252-255,共4页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：遵义医学院中青年科研启动基金(F-0905);遵义医学院珠海校区科研启动基金(F-0603)

摘　　要：目的:分析甘肃产艾叶挥发油的主要化学成分,探讨其对小鼠的遗传毒性。方法:①成分分析:用气相色谱-质谱法分析艾叶挥发油的化学成分,用归一化法测定各组分的相对百分含量。②微核试验:选用昆明种孕鼠30只,随机分为5组:正常对照组,ig给予等容积花生油;艾叶油2,1,0.5 mL·kg-1组,ig给予艾叶油;阳性对照组,ip给予环磷酰胺(CP)40 mg·kg-1。正常对照组和艾叶油组自孕第12天开始ig给药,连续5 d。阳性对照组于孕第15天ip给予CP,连续2 d。各组孕鼠均于孕第16天用药后处死,取小鼠骨髓细胞和胎鼠肝脏做微核试验。③精子畸形试验:昆明种小鼠雄性40只,随机分为5组,各组用药剂量及给药方式同微核试验,均连续5 d。首次给药后35 d处死,取出其附睾制片,读取精子畸形率。结果:从甘肃产艾叶挥发油分离出72个峰,其中鉴定了56个成分,占挥发油色谱峰面积的90.83%。艾叶挥发油灌胃剂量2 mL·kg-1时,孕鼠和雄鼠诱发的骨髓微核率、胚胎肝微核率和精子畸形率均较阴性对照组显著升高(P<0.05)。剂量为1 mL·kg-1时,诱发的胚胎肝微核率较阴性对照组显著升高(P<0.05),骨髓微核率与精子畸形率与阴性对照组相比,无显著性差异。剂量为0.5mL·kg-1时,诱发的骨髓微核率、胚胎肝微核率、精子畸形率与阴性对照组相比,均无显著性差异。结论:甘肃产艾叶挥发油的主要成分为桉叶素(20.45%)、蒿醇(12.12%)、樟脑(6.99%)、青蒿酮(5.85%)、左旋龙脑(4.27%)等;一定剂量的艾叶挥发油对小鼠具有潜在的遗传毒性,并呈剂量-反应关系。Objective： To analyze the main chemical constituents of volatile oil in Artemisia argyi from Gansu, and explore its genotoxicity in mice. Method： ① Constituents analysis： the chemical constituents of volatile oil in A. argyi were separated and identified by GC-MS, the relative content of each component was determined by area normalization.③Micronucleus assay： thirty Kunming pregnant mice were randomly divided into 5 groups： normal control group, ig given with peanut oil in equal volume; volatile oil 2, 1, 0. 5 mL. kg^-1 groups, ig given volatile oil; and positive control group, ip given cyclophosphamide （CP） 40 mg. k^g-1. The normal control group and volatile group were ig administrated once a day from the 12th day of pregnancy to the 16 th day, for 5 d, while positive control group was ip given CP on the 15th day of pregnancy for 2 d. On the 16th day, the pregnant mice in each grout; were sacrificed to take out the embryo from mice, micronucleus test of adult mice bone marrow cells and fetal mice hepatocytes were carried out. ③ Sperm abnormality assay： forty male mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, the doses and administration of each group were similar to micronucleus test. Thedrugs was administered for 5 days. After 35 d of first medication, the mice were sacrificed to take out the epididymis and produce the sperm smear, and examination of sperm deformity was carried out. Result ： Seventy-two components were isolated from volatile oil and fifty-six of them were identified, which was about 90.83% of all components. Compared with control group, the micronucleus rates of bone marrow and fetal hepatic cell and teratospermia number were all significantly increased （ P 〈 0.05 ） at a oral dose of 2 mL . kg^-1 ; only the micronucleus rate on fetal liver was increased significantly （P 〈 0.05 ） with the oral dose of 1 mL.kg^-1; there was no statistic difference in any of the indexes at the dose of 0.5 mL. kg^-l. Conclusion： The main chemical components of volatile oil in A. ar

关 键 词：艾叶挥发油 气相色谱-质谱 微核试验 遗传毒性 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]