饲料中黄曲霉毒素B_1对凡纳滨对虾生长、肝胰腺和血淋巴生化指标及肝胰腺显微结构的影响  

Toxic effects of aflatoxin B_1 on growth performance, biochemical and hepatopancreas microstructure of Litopanaeus vannamei

作　　者：王静[1] 郭冉[1] 苏利[1] 夏辉[1] 崔敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学海洋学院,河北秦皇岛066003

出　　处：《水产学报》2012年第6期952-957,共6页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：河北农业大学博士基金(B201003)

摘　　要：实验设置黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)为0、400、800、1200,1600、2000μg/kg6组饲料,饲养初始体质量为(0.3±0.02)g的凡纳滨对虾,经过8周的生长实验观察饲料中AFB1对凡纳滨对虾生长、体营养成分组成、肝胰腺显微结构以及血淋巴和肝胰腺生化指标的影响。实验结果表明:随着饲料中AFB1的增加,各组全虾粗蛋白量无显著性差异,1600μg/kg组和2000μg/kg组的全虾粗脂肪量高于其他组。AFB1为1200μg/kg时对虾增重率最低(304.67%),2000μg/kg时增重率显著高于其他组,但成活率最低(58.33%)。随着饲料中AFB1的升高酶活性普遍呈下降趋势。2000μg/kg组肝胰腺中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著下降(P<0.05),1600μg/kg组肝胰腺中谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GST)、超微量ATP酶和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)酶活力最低,但血淋巴中GST显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。从凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺的组织切片可观察到,饲料中含有的AFB1越高,肝胰腺被破坏程度越高。随着饲料中AFB1含量增加,对虾肝胰腺中AFB1残留量逐渐增加,2000μg/kg组对虾肝胰腺中AFB1含量最高(95.49μg/kg),各实验组肌肉中无AFB1残留。The toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 （AFB1） on Litopanaeus vannamei were examined in terms of growth indices, body composition, hepatopancreas microstructure and biochemical indexes of haemolymph and hepatopancreas. Six isonitrogenous purified diets were fed to shrimp [initial mean weight （0.3？0.02） g] for 8 weeks in triplicate tanks connected to recirculating system. Diets contained different levels of AFB1 （0, 400, 800, 1 200, 1 600, 2 000 μg/kg）. Crude protein of whole shrimp had no significant differences （P 0.05）. Body lipid tended to be higher within shrimp fed diets with higher AFB1 level （1 600 and 2 000 μg/kg）. The lowest weight gain （304.67%） was found in shrimp fed with 1 200 μg/kg diet. However the shrimp fed with 2 000 μg AFB1/kg got the lowest survival rate （58.33%） and the highest weight gain. Enzyme activities generally indicated a downward trend. Total antioxidant capacity of hepatopancreas decreased significantly （P0.05） in 2 000 μg/kg diet. The activity of GST, Na＋, K＋-ATPase and SOD in hepatopancreas reached minimum in shrimp fed with 1 600 μg/kg AFB1 diet, but GST of haemolymph was significantly higher than others （P0.05）. Histological study on shrimp fed more AFB1 exhibited histological changes. Besides, higher AFB1 residues in hepatopancreas were observed in shrimp fed with higher level AFB1. The most AFB1 residues in hepatopancreas were detected at 95.49 μg/kg in shrimp fed with 2 000 μg/kg. However, no AFB1 residue in muscle was detected in all groups.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 黄曲霉毒素B1 生化指标 肝胰腺显微结构 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学] S963.14