可持续环境友好的经济发展模式展望  

Prospects for Sustainable and Environment Friendly Economic Growth Model

作　　者：陈重酉[1] 孙瑾[1] 胡艳芳[1] 李志国[1] 赵磊[1] 冯广青[2] 冯京桉[3] 马文筠[3] 唐晶[3] 方艳[4] 房芳[4] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学化学化工与环境学院,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛海慈医疗集团中医医院,山东青岛266033 [3]国家图书馆文献提供中心,北京100081 [4]天津科学技术出版社,天津300051

出　　处：《青岛大学学报（工程技术版）》2012年第2期71-84,共14页Journal of Qingdao University(Engineering & Technology Edition)

摘　　要：具有可持续性是人类生存和社会发展的唯一选择,然而近100多年来,人类社会在人口增长、全球气候变化、淡水资源短缺、不可再生资源终将耗尽(能源、矿石)、农业生产、持久性有害物质在生态环境积累、大量物种加速灭绝等方面,呈现不可持续性特征,人类的宜居家园破坏殆尽。在此背景下,工业生态学、绿色化学理念应运而生,并表明改变使用资源的类型和方式势在必行。植物制造的生物量属可再生资源,可生物降解、参加生物圈循环,具有诸多资源和环境优势;然而光合作用的能量转化效率不到5%,生物量的大规模生产,还存在土地和淡水资源等障碍。因此,需要进行叶绿素工作机理仿生学研究,开发高效利用太阳能的生物催化剂;光分解水可以获得氢能源,因此,以大气层中的CO2及水为原料,光合成生物质能源、生物降解高分子材料、高纯度纸浆纤维素、棉纤维、碳纤维原料的高规整度纤维素等,获得人类必需的资源和能源(并可逆转气候变化),此举是可持续发展的最佳选择。Possessing sustainability is the only selection of human survival and social development. Howev- er, during the past more than a century, with respect to population growth, global climate change, fresh- water deficiency, Earth＇s finite resources depletion（ energy, mineral）, agricultural production, environ- mental accumulation of persistent toxic waste, and a large number species extinction, human society has been emerging characteristics of obvious unsutainability and human habitat has been damaging. Against this background, ideas of industrial ecology and green chemistry arise at the historic moment; they have clearly indicated that changing type and way must be enforced for the utilization of resources. Biomass of plant produced belong in renewable resource, biodegradability, enter into biosphere cycle, it is possess of a lot of superiorities as respect resource and environment; but, overall efficiency of photosynthesis is gener- ally no greater than 5 per cent; large scale production of biomass exist barriers of difficuty to exceed in land and freshwater and so on yet. Therefore, conducting biomimetic research in catalytic mechanism of chloro- plast; exploiting biocatalysis of high-efficiency utilization solar energy; photolyse H20, obtain H2 energy; utilizing atmospheric COz as crude material for photo-synthetic biomass energy, for biodegradable polymer ic materials, for high-purity pulp-cellulose, for photo-synthetic cotton fiber, for high-structural regularity cellulose fiber regard as crude material of carbon fiber and so on; these are human essential resources and energy; these work cannot be delayed even a moment. This is the optimum choice of sustainable develop ment.

关 键 词：可持续发展 生态环境 资源 能源 工业生态学 绿色化学 仿生学 

分 类 号：F061.3[经济管理—政治经济学] X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]