不同湿地植物系统对农田排水氮磷净化效果试验研究  

Effect of Different Hydrophytes' Wetland Systems on Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus

作　　者：吴军[1] 崔远来[1] 赵树君[1] 刘方平 许亚群 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]江西省灌溉试验中心站,南昌330201

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2012年第3期26-30,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：水利部公益性行业专项基金(2011010040);水利部948项目(201229);国家自然科学基金项目(50839002)

摘　　要：为分析不同湿地植物对农田排水中氮磷的去除效果,以杂草和空白为对照,选取莲藕、白莲、藜蒿、茭白、水芹菜、菖蒲、水蕹等7种常见水生植物进行原位试验研究。结果表明,种植植物的湿地对TN、TP去除效果均好于无植物湿地,水力停留时间为9d时,与空白对照相比,种植植物的湿地的TN和TP去除率分别提高10.0%～34.9%和8.7%～18.4%,其中,莲藕、白莲、菖蒲、杂草等生物量较大的植物对TN、TP的净化效果优于其他植物。7种植物中,白莲和菖蒲TN去除性能较好,其TN去除率分别比空白对照提高33.4%和34.9%。综合分析,白莲、莲藕、菖蒲可以作为鄱阳湖流域净化农田排水的备选植物。In order to study the removal effects of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants drainaged from farmland by different hydrophytes,an outdoor in-suit experiment was conducted in Jiangxi Central Irrigation Experimental Station.The main goal of the experiment is to determine the best hydrophytes in nitrogen and phosphorus control,seven selected plants lotus root,white lotus,Artemisia selengensis,Water Dropwort,Acorus calamus,Aponogeton lakhonensis and two compared treatments weeds and blank,totally 9 treatments were held in constructed wetlands.Results show that： wetlands with selected plants have much better effects on TN and TP control while compared with weeds and blank control.At the hydraulic retention time of 9 days,TN and TP removal rate in constructed wetlands increased 10.0% to 34.9% and 8.7% to 18.4% compared with blank treatment,respectively.Hydrophytes like lotus root,white lotus,calamus and weeds,those has higher biomass,has greater removal effects on TN and TP control.Among the 7 selected plants,White Lotus and Calamus performs best purification ability in TN,which is 33.4% and 34.9% higher than blank treatment.Consider economy and biology comprehensively,Lotus,White Lotus and Calamus are the ＂best practice＂ plants in local area on nitrogen and phosphorous control.

关 键 词：湿地植物 水力停留时间 去除率 氮 磷 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52