处理畜禽废水的序批式生物膜反应器中的细菌多样性  

Bacterial diversity in sequencing batch biofilm reactor for treating livestock and poultry breeding wastewaters

作　　者：肖鸿[1] 樊明灏[1] 彭宏[1] 李远伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源环境学院,成都611130

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2012年第7期2333-2338,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：四川省教育厅科研项目(08ZA058)

摘　　要：采用序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)处理畜禽废水,在室温(9～18℃)下,采用8 h/周期、交替停曝气的模式运行,控制曝气阶段DO浓度在2 mg/L,可实现明显的亚硝酸盐积累,氨氮及总氮的去除率分别可达(95.1±0.8)%和(87.2±0.6)%。为揭示SBBR中细菌种群构成及其动态变化规律,采用PCR-DGGE技术进行了细菌多样性分析,并构建了系统发育树,结果表明:与接种污泥相比,驯化期生物膜中细菌种群丰富度未发生明显变化,运行期交替曝气、停曝模式有助于提高生物膜中细菌的多样性指数,但受运行模式及氨氮负荷变化影响,运行期氨氧化菌多样性指数略低于驯化期;生物膜内存在一些具有反硝化功能的变形菌和特殊的氨氧化细菌,在本实验条件下未发现厌氧氨氧化菌,说明主要脱氮机理为同时短程硝化反硝化。A sequencing batch biofilm reactor （SBBR） was used to treat livestock and poultry breeding wastewaters （LPBWs）. An operational mode of alternant aeration and non-aeration and 8 h every period was a- dopted with room temperatures ranging from 9 to 18℃ and DO during aeration phase controlled around 2 mg/L. Nitrite accumulation occurred and the removal efficiencies were as high as （95.1±0.8） % and （87.2± 0.6） % for NH3-N and TN, respectively. To reveal the bacterial community structure and its dynamic change trend in the SBBR, bacterial diversity was analyzed using PCR-DGGE technique and phylogenetic trees were constructed. The results indicated that no obvious change of bacterial community richness happened, taking the biofilm sam- ples of the start-up phase and the seeding sludge into comparison. Alternation between aeration and non-aeration during the running phase helped to improve the diversity index of bacteria in the biofilm, however, suffered the change of operational modes and ammonia load rates, the diversity indexes of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria during the running phase were slightly lower than that during the start-up phase. Except for anaerobic ammonia oxida- tion bacteria, some kinds of proteobacterium with denitrification function and special ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were convinced to exist in the biofilm under the experimental conditions, demonstrating that simultaneous short- cut nitrification and denitrification were the main mechanisms for the nitrogen removal.

关 键 词：SBBR 畜禽废水 细菌多样性 PCR-DGGE 系统发育树 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]