福建罗源湾潮间带大型底栖动物的次级生产力  

Secondary productivity of macrobenthos in intertidal flat of Luoyuan Bay,Fujian Province of East China

作　　者：杜永芬[1] 高抒[1] 于子山[2] 王丹丹[1] 冉琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,南京210093 [2]中国海洋大学生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2012年第7期1904-1912,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(40906066);国家博士后基金项目(20100471303);江苏省博士后基金项目(0901016C);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(1117020914);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目资助

摘　　要：根据2009年罗源湾潮间带大型底栖动物调查资料,应用Brey公式对大型底栖动物的次级生产力、生产量/生物量系数(P/B)及其空间分布进行估算.结果表明:该区域大型底栖动物的年次级生产力为18.58gAFDM(无灰干质量).m-2.a-1,P/B系数为0.97;潮间带上部互花米草盐沼区域的年次级生产力(8.97gAFDM·m-2·a-1)低于下部光滩区域(28.19gAFDM·m-2·a-1).与20世纪80年代末互花米草生长前相比,潮间带的年次级生产力约增加4倍.栖息在光滩下部区域的凸壳肌蛤对次级生产力的贡献达66.4%.若除去该蛤拓殖因素,则盐沼区域的次级生产力显著高于光滩区域,并且25年来次级生产力的变化较小.互花米草加速了细颗粒物质的沉降,为蛤类拓殖提供了重要条件;凸壳肌蛤的摄食活动可增加沉积物中叶绿素a含量.大型底栖动物的次级生产力与沉积物中叶绿素a和有机碳含量显著相关.盐沼植物对潮间带生态系统的影响涉及物理和生物等多种因素.Based on the survey data of macrobenthos in the intertidal flat of Luoyuan Bay in 2009,and by using Brey＇s empirical formula,this paper estimated the macrobenthos secondary productivity,production/biomass（P/B） ratio,and their spatiotemporal distribution patterns in the flat.The annual secondary productivity and P/B ratio of the macrobenthos in the flat were estimated as 18.58 g AFDM（ash free dry mass）·m-2 ·a-1 and 0.97,respectively,and the secondary productivity in the Spartina alterniflora marshes of the upper intertidal flat（8.97g AFDM·m-2· a-1） was much lower than that in the bare flat of the lower intertidal zone（28.19 g AFDM·m-2·a-1）.Since the introduction of S.alterniflora by the end of the 1980s,the secondary productivity of the macrobenthos in the flat had increased about 4 folds.Musculus senhousei,which inhabited in the lower bare flat,contributed 66.4% of the total macrobenthos secondary productivity in the entire intertidal flat.If the contribution from M.senhousei was not taken into account,the macrobenthos secondary productivity in the salt marshes would be significantly higher than that in the bare flat,and the macrobenthos secondary productivity in the intertidal flat would have less change.The successful colonization of M.senhousei was partly attributed to the changes of sediment composition enhanced by S.alterniflora due to its capability in trapping fine-grained materials;this species＇ feeding activities result in a remarkable increase of sediment chlorophyll a content.There was a significant positive correlation between the secondary productivity of macrobenthos and the sediment chlorophyll a and/or organic matter contents.These findings suggested that salt marshes had effects on the coastal wetland ecosystem via a number of physical and biological mechanisms.

关 键 词：大型底栖动物 次级生产力 互花米草 凸壳肌蛤 罗源湾 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]