基于DEA和Malmquist指数的中国环保绩效测度及其时空变化  

Environmental performance measure and its temporal-spatial changes in China based on DEA and Malmquist index models

作　　者：齐君 赵四东[2] 杨永春[2] 李伟伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西省城乡规划设计研究院,太原030011 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第3期34-45,共12页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171143;40771064);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(LZUJBky-2012-k35);新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-07-0398)

摘　　要：将资金、资本、人力和技术投入作为环保输入要素,以生态环境治理绩效、经济和社会效益、技术作用产出和环保管理系统自身成长作为关键输出项,构建环保效率测度体系,并利用DEA模型和Malmquist指数方法对中国31个地区的环保效率及其时空变化进行探索.结果发现:1)新世纪以来,中国环保效率普遍较高,但在波动中缓慢下降,且除技术效率外地区间差距较大;2)总体上环保效率空间分异显著,综合效率和规模效率东部低于中西部,技术效率西部>东部>中部;3)基于Malmquist指数的环保效率变化研究反映,2001-2006年和2001-2009年各效率变化指数的变化趋势相似,环保效率及其分解均呈下降趋势,技术和生产率变化则呈上升态势,但2006-2009年反之;4)环保效率变化的空间分异特征为2001-2006年和2001-2009年效率变化指数均呈下降态势,但东部强于中西部,技术和生产率显著上升,且中部进步最为明显,东部最慢,2006-2009年反之;5)环保规模效率及其时空变化是影响环保综合效率时空变化及分布模式的主要因素.总之,提高中国环保效率的关键在于提升环保规模效率,全面、大规模地追加环保投资,优先壮大环保发展规模,并引导环保设施集聚配套和共享共建,是提高环保规模效率和综合效率及促使环保健康持续发展的重要措施.Take funds, capital, human and technical input as the environmental input elements, and the environment protection performance, economic and social benefits, the role of technology and environmental management system itself as a key output items~ on the basis of which building environmental efficiency mea- surement system, and employing DEA model and Malmquist productivity index, this paper probes into the environmental efficiency of 31 regions in China and its changes. Firstly, since the new century, China＇s envi- ronmental efficiency is generally high, but the slow decline in the volatility, and there has a larger gap between regions, except for the technical efficiency. Secondly, overall, the spatial variation of environmental efficien- cy is significant, Eastern CE and SE is lower than western and central, in the technical efficiency, western〉 eastern〉central. Thirdly, the environmental efficiency changes research based on Malmquist index find thatthe efficiency change index has similar trends of 2001-2006 and 2001-2009, environmental efficiency and its decomposition were generally decreased, and technology and productivity changes are the rise, however~ con- trary 2006-2009. Fourthly, the spatial distribution of environmental efficiency changes is that efficiency change index were decreased in 2001-2006 and 2001-2009, but eastern stronger than western and central, technology and productivity increased significantly, and the most significant progress in central, eastern slowest, however contrary 2006-2009. Finally, we further find it is the SE and its changes that determine the temporal-spatial and distribution patterns of environmental protection. In short, the key is to improve SE, full-scale additional investment in environmental protection, priority to grow the environmental scale of development, and guide the environmental protection facilities to gather supporting and sharing to build, that is important measures to improve the environmental efficiency and SE and promote environmental health and su

关 键 词：环保效率 数据包络分析 MALMQUIST指数 

分 类 号：X820.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]