问题解决中启发规则选择机制及认知模型  

Problem Solving Heuristic Rule Selection Mechanism and Cognitive Model

作　　者：王日凤[1,2] 钟宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学国际WIC研究院,北京100124 [2]广西工学院计算机学院,广西柳州545006

出　　处：《北京工业大学学报》2012年第7期1104-1108,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(60875075);广西工学院博士基金资助项目(院科博11z13)

摘　　要：为建立基于认知的网络搜索模型,提出了启发式搜索中启发规则选择的认知机制.基于简化四方趣题实例,采用行为实验和认知模型仿真结合的方法进行了研究.通过行为实验测试了17个被试对二维和三维启发规则的选择结果,实验结果显示835个任务中有809个任务被试选择二维规则答题;认知模型仿真实验基于视觉目标导向的简约规则约束搜索假设,模拟了规则选择的认知过程,结果显示模拟反应时间与真实反应时间偏差0.07 s.研究结果表明,启发规则选择是一个视觉目标导向的简约规则约束搜索过程.To set up the Web search model based on cognition, the cognitive principle of heuristic rule selection in the heuristic search was proposed. Based on simplified 4×4 Sudoku paradigm, the method of combination of behavioral experiment and cognitive model simulation was used. The behavioral experiment was conducted by 17 participants to test heuristic rule selection proportions between two dimensional heuristics and three dimensional heuristics. Behavioral results show that 809 tasks are solved with two dimensional heuristics among 835 tasks. The cognitive model was set up to find out the mechanism of heuristic rule selection, which simulated the process of heuristics selection based on assumption of visually goal-oriented simple constrained heuristic rule selection. The difference of response time between prediction and real data is found to be only 0.07 s. Results show that the heuristic rule selection is a visually goal-oriented simple rule constrained.

关 键 词：问题解决 启发式搜索 规则选择 认知模型 

分 类 号：TP387[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构] TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]