塔北地区二叠系火山岩储层特征研究  

Characteristics of Permian Volcanic Rock Reservoir in North Tarim Basin

作　　者：桑洪[1] 张巍[2,3] 王月然[1] 关平[2] 徐彦龙[1] 于红娇[2] 朱海燕[1] 简星[2] 王海燕[1] 冯帆[2] 刘瑞娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]北京大学造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室,北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2012年第3期450-460,共11页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(编号:2011ZX05009-002-403);国家科技重大专项(编号:2011ZX05004-004-005)联合资助

摘　　要：火山岩优质储层包括火山机构等控制的原生孔隙和裂缝,以及风化作用和断裂控制的次生孔隙和裂缝,查清塔北地区二叠系火山岩优质储层的类型及物性的变化规律对指导该区勘探具有重要意义。在对野外露头及井下岩心进行观察和采样的基础上,通过薄片及铸体薄片观察、扫描电镜观察、常规物性测试、压汞法毛细管压力曲线分析等方法研究塔北地区二叠系火山岩的储层特征。研究发现塔北地区二叠系火山岩储层的储集空间可分为原生和次生2种:原生孔隙包括气孔、气孔杏仁构造等,原生的裂缝包括柱状节理、冷凝收缩缝和隐爆裂缝等;次生孔隙包括斑晶内溶孔、铸模孔、基质内溶孔和溶蚀缝。优质储层主要由次生孔隙和裂缝构成,孔隙度可高达15.05%,渗透率最高可达22×10-3μm2,剖面上火山岩储层物性由下到上逐渐变好,上部次生改造作用强烈,次生孔隙及裂缝更加发育,具有很好的勘探前景。Favorable volcanic rock reservoir consists of primary pore spaces and fissure controlled by volcanic apparatus,and secondary pore spaces controlled by weathering and fractures.It is significant to investigate types of Permian favorable volcanic rock reservoirs and physical property variation in the north Tarim basin.In this paper,Permian volcanic rock samples were collected from outcrops and boreholes and measured by methods of thin section,cast thin section,scanning electron microscope observation,porosity and permeability analysis and mercury intrusion method.The results show that the pore spaces of Permian volcanic rock reservoirs in the north Tarim basin include primary and secondary ones.The primary pores include vesicular and amygdaloidal pores.Different types of primary fractures in the volcanic reservoir occur,including columnar joints,quench fractures,cooling contracted cracks,and cryptoexplosion fractures.The secondary pores consist of dissolved intracrystal pores and moldic pores along primary fractures in phanerocryst,dissolved pores and fissures within groundmass and along the boundary of phanerocryst.Favorable volcanic reservoir mainly contains secondary pore spaces and fractures,with porosity and permeability of 15.05% and 22×10-3μm2,respectively.The physical property of volcanic reservoir increases from bottom to top at the section.Secondary reformation is intense at the top,associated with secondary pore spaces,so it is a good exploration target.

关 键 词：塔北地区 二叠系 火山岩储层 储集特征 

分 类 号：TE122.222[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]