有机肥及其配施钙肥在沿海耕作风砂土中的钙淋溶迁移、转化特征研究  

Effects of the Combined Application of Organic Fertilizer and Calcium Fertilizers on Characteristics of the Calcium Leaching,Migration and Transformation in the Aeolian Sandy Soil of Coastal Farming

作　　者：何春梅[1] 王飞[1] 李昱[1] 李清华[1] 林诚[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,福建福州350013

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2012年第5期533-538,共6页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2010J01105)

摘　　要：采用室内土柱淋溶模拟方法,研究1次中等强度降雨条件下,沿海耕作风砂土施用猪粪及其配施贝壳粉钙和壳灰钙在土壤垂直方向上的淋溶迁移及转化特征。结果表明:60mm中等强度降雨条件下,肥料钙淋失强烈,以水溶钙和吸附钙为主要淋失形态。砂土中混合施用猪粪可降低钙肥的淋失,但淋失率仍高达79.8%～83.1%,且壳灰淋失率高于贝壳粉。此外,1次60mm中等强度降雨可使表层的贝壳粉钙集中分布在10～15cm,迁移深度至15cm或20cm;壳灰钙集中分布在15～20cm,迁移深度至20cm以下。未随降雨淋失的钙在土壤中12.31%～14.6%转化为吸附钙,4.7%～5.8%以水溶钙态存在,只有不到0.6%的钙转化为非酸溶钙和非交换钙。Under the moderate-intensity rainfall conditions, soil column leaching simulation was used to study the effects of the combined application of pig manure and shell powder or rice hull ash （RHA） calcium on characteristics of the calcium leaching, migration and transformation in the vertical aeolian sandy soil of coastal farming. The result showed that the calcium leaching was stronger, and the main forms of calcium leaching were the water-soluble calcium and adsorption calcium under 60mm of rainfall conditions. Sand soil mixed pig manure can reduce calcium fertilizer leaching, but the leaching rate was still up 79.8% to 83.1% and the leaching rate of the combined application of shell powder calcium was higher than that of RHA calcium. In addition, a moderate-intensity rainfall can make the surface shell powder calcium concentrate in the 10--15 cm and migrated depth to 15 cm or 20 cm of soil, while make RHA calcium concentrate in the15-20 cm and migrated depth of 20 cm below of soil. 12.31% to 14.6% of the remaining calcium was transformed into the adsorption of calcium, and 4.7% to 5.8% of the remaining calcium exited in the water-soluble calcium form, while only a very small part of less than 0.6% was converted to non-acid-soluble calcium and non-exchange calcium.

关 键 词：耕作风砂土 钙 迁移 转化 有机肥 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]