交通网络效率的度量和元件重要性的计算方法  

Measuring the network efficiency and computing the component importance

作　　者：余孝军[1,2] 黄海军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学经济管理学院,北京100191 [2]贵州财经大学数学与统计学院,贵阳550004

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2012年第7期1546-1552,共7页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2006CB705503);国家创新研究群体科学基金(70821061);贵州省教育厅自然科学基金(黔教科2010029)

摘　　要：针对固定需求和弹性需求的交通网络,综合考虑均衡状态下的出行行为、出行成本、出行需求以及路段流量等因素,分别提出了网络效率的度量方法,并在此基础上计算网络元件的重要性.算例结果表明:所提出的效率度量方法和元件重要性计算公式是合理的,并对Braess悖论网络进行了分析,发现网络元件的重要性随需求变化而变化.所提出的方法和研究结论对设计和管理交通网络具有指导意义.The methods for measuring the efficiencies of transportation networks with fixed and elastic demands are proposed, respectively. The measures reflect the influences of travel behavior, travel cost, travel demands and link flows, all in equilibrium state, on network efficiency. Based on the definition of network efficiency, the approach for ranking the importance of the network components is developed. Numerical examples show that the method of measuring network efficiency and the approach for ranking network components are effective. The Braess paradox network with varied demand is analyzed, and the importance of the nodes and links are computed. The proposed methods and conclusions are guide for designing and managing the transportation networks.

关 键 词：交通网络 网络效率 网络元件 均衡 BRAESS悖论 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]