黄淮平原农田土壤中多环芳烃的分布、风险及来源  

Distribution,source analysis and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in farmland soils in Huanghuai Plain

作　　者：周玲莉[1] 薛南冬[1] 李发生[1] 韩宝禄[1,2] 丛鑫[3] 李慧颖[1] 燕云仲[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2012年第7期1250-1256,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家环保公益性行业科研重大项目(201109017-2);国家“863”项目(2012AA06A304)

摘　　要：对227个黄淮平原农田表层土壤样品中16种多环芳烃（PAHs）含量进行了调查,并对其致癌风险和来源等进行了分析.结果表明,有15种PAHs被普遍检出,各单体检出率在23.3%~100%之间（苊烯未检出）.土壤中PAHs总量（∑PAHs15）为33.44~1246μg/kg,平均值为152.4±166.2μg/kg,且以4环及4环以上PAHs为主,其中16.7%的样品中PAHs含量达到了污染水平（〉200μg/kg）,与国内外其他地区相比,黄淮平原农田土壤中PAHs含量处于相对较低水平.黄淮平原农田土壤7种致癌性PAHs毒性当量浓度（TEQBap）占总毒性当量浓度的98.27%,其中苯并（a）芘（Bap）潜在致癌风险最大.同分异构体比值法和主成分分析结果表明黄淮平原农田土壤中PAHs的主要来源是汽油、柴油高温燃烧、以及煤和秸秆燃烧.相关性分析表明有机质含量与∑PAHs15及PAHs单体含量具有显著相关性,表明有机质是影响PAHs在土壤中含量、空间分布及归趋的一个重要因素.Levels,carcinogenic risks and sources of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） were analyzed in 227 surface farmland soil samples collected from Huanghuai Plain.The results showed that 15 PAHs（except for acenaphthylene） were generally detected,and the detection ratios ranged from 23.3% to 100%.The total concentrations of 16 PAHs（∑PAH15） varied from33.44 ？g/kg to 1246 ？g/kg,with a mean value of 152.4 ± 166.2？g/kg,while four and more rings PAHs were the majority dominant components of ∑PAH15.Compared with those in other regions around the world,there was a lower PAHs level in soils of Huanghuai Plain,but 16.7% soil samples exceeded the polluted level（200 ？g/kg）.According to PAHs toxic equivalent concentration（TEQBap）,seven possible carcinogenic PAHs accounted for 98.27% of the total TEQBap,and Benzo（a） pyrene（Bap） had maximum potential carcinogenic risk in farmland soils of Huanghuai Plain.The PAHs isomer pair ratios and principal components analysis indicated that PAHs in Huanghuai Plain farmland soils mainly originated from combustion of gasoline,diesel,coal and straw.A correlation analysis showed that the total concentrations of PAHs and individual PAHs were significantly correlated with soil organic matter,which suggested that soil organic matter was an important factor influencing the distribution of PAHs in soil.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 农田土壤 分布特征 致癌风险 土壤有机质 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]