探讨不同方法对儿童地中海贫血筛查的应用价值  

To evaluate the clinical value of the different possible screening method on screening thalassemia in children

作　　者：姚莉琴[1] 邹团标[1] 全星[1] 刘锦桃[1] 马子程 冯曦云[1] 赵钟鸣[1] 王兴田[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省妇幼保健院检验科,昆明市650051 [2]新平县妇幼保健院,玉溪市653400

出　　处：《实用检验医师杂志》2012年第1期15-19,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Pathologist

摘　　要：目的探讨初筛检查法和完整筛查法在地中海贫血筛查中的价值。方法选择480例云南新平地区16岁以下儿童，用完整筛查法和初筛检查法检测地中海贫血的发生率，并进行统计学分析。结果血液分析结果显示，红细胞平均容积（meancorpuscularvolume，MCV）、MCV与红细胞平均血红蛋白含量（meancorpuscularhemoglobin，MCH）平行联合检测阳性结果一致，均为258例（53．8％）。α-地中海贫血及β-地中海贫血MCV及MCV。MCH联合检测的概率相同且均为最高（6814％，85-2％）。α-地中海贫血在各年龄段的检出率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），β-地中海贫血在各年龄段的检出率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。α-地中海贫血、β-地中海贫血、地中海贫血的完整筛查法与初筛检查法检出率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）；初筛检查法α-地中海贫血漏检率高于β-地中海贫血，且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。男童、女童的地中海贫血检出率在完整筛查法与初筛检查法中差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。初筛检查法中男女童地中海贫血漏检率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。父母双方傣族与父母一方傣族的α一地中海贫血、β一地中海贫血、地中海贫血患儿检出率差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。父母双方傣族与父母一方傣族的初筛检查法漏检率差异无统计学意义（办0．05）。结论地中海贫血在云南省新平县儿童中发病率较高。初筛检查法虽然有漏检，但可节省将近一半的人力物力，在大人群的调查中有较高的应用价值。Objective To evaluate the value of primary screening and complete screening on thalas- saemia in Yunnan. Methods 480 cases children under 16 years old in Xinping of Yunnan were selected. The incidence rate of thalassaemia were detected by primary screening and complete screening method and the re- sults were statistically analyzed. Results The blood analysis results showed that mean corpuscular volume （MCV） and MCV with mean corpuscular hemoglobin （MCH） parasyndesis had the same results which had 258 cases （53.8%） unnormal. The detection rates of α-thalassaemia and β-thalassaemia were identical and highest （68.4% and 85.2% ） by MCV and MCV＊MCH parasyndesis. The detection rate of α- thalassaemia in different age had statistical significance （P〈 0.01）. The detection rates of β-thalassaemia in different age had no statisti- cal significance（P〉 0.05）. There were no statistical significance in the differences of detection rates of α-thalas- saemia, β-thalassaemia and thalassaemia between primary screening and complete screening （Pall〉 0.05）. The omission factor of a-thalassaemia of primary screening was higher than β-thalassaemia, and the difference had statistical significance （P〈 0.05）. There were no statistical significance in the differences of detection rates of male and female between primary screening and complete screening （P〉 0.05）. There was no statistical signifi- cance in the difference of omission factor of primary screening between male and female （P〉 0.05）. There were no statistical significance in the differences of detection rates of α-thalassaemia, β-thalassaemia and thalas- saemia between the children with both parents were DAI tribe and with one parent were DAI tribe （Pall〉 0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the difference of omission factor of primary screening between the chil- dren with both parents were DAI tribe and with one parent were DAI tribe （P〉 0.05）. Conclusion Thalassemia has a high incidence rate i

关 键 词：筛查方法 儿童 地中海贫血 云南 

分 类 号：R556.61[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病]