惠州地区小型村镇水源产毒蓝藻污染初探  

Analysis of Microcystin-producing Cyanobacterial in Small Rural Surface Water Samples from Huizhou,China

作　　者：袁志勇[1,2] 朱红惠[2] 霍光华[1] 冯广达[2] 陈远良[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学生物科学与工程学院,南昌330045 [2]广东省微生物研究所,广东省菌种保藏与应用重点实验室,广东省微生物应用新技术公共实验室,广东省华南应用微生物重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,广州510070

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2012年第7期1404-1411,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“水体污染控制与治理”资助项目(2008ZX07425-002)

摘　　要：为了揭示惠州地区农村小型水源产毒蓝藻污染情况,从惠州村镇采取不同类型水源地的水样,分别利用分子生物学和HPLC方法分析水样中的产毒蓝藻污染情况和微囊藻毒素含量。通过微囊藻毒素合成基因片段mcyA-Cd的检测发现,在采取的27个水样中,12个水样已经被产毒蓝藻污染。PCR-DGGE和克隆测序的结果证明,利用mcyA-Cd基因对环境样品中的产毒蓝藻进行初步检测具有较高的特异性和准确性,所有样品中只有一个样品检出来自阿氏浮丝藻属的产毒蓝藻,其他检出的产毒蓝藻均为微囊藻属;HPLC分析结果显示,8个水样检出微囊藻毒素,其中5个样品超过1μg.L-1。研究结果表明,mcyA-Cd基因可以用于快速、准确的对环境样品中的产毒蓝藻进行初步检测;采样区域部分水源地已经被产毒蓝藻污染,应该采取相应措施对惠州地区农村水源地进行产毒蓝藻的监测,防止或减少微囊藻毒素对人产生的危害。Microcystins（ MCs ） are potent hepatotoxins produced by microcystin-producing cyanobacteria and give a significant health hazard to human and animals. MCs are normally produced by many, but not all strains of the cyanobacteria genera Planktothrix, Mcrocystis, A nabae- ha. To investigate the mierocystin-produeing cyanobacteria in rural surface water samples, different types of rural surface water were sampled from Huizhou, including pool water, reservoir water and running water. Molecular techniques and HPLC were employed to detect the micro- cystin-producing cyanobacteria and MCs. The results showed that mcyA-Cd, the specific fragment coding for the microcystin synthetase complex, was detected in 12 out of 27 samples. PCR-DGGE in combination with cloning and sequencing proved that the primary detection of microcystin-produeing cyanobacteria in the environmental sample using mcyA-Cd was of high specificity and accuracy. HPLC analysis indi- cated that MC-RR or MC-LR was detected in 8 samples, and exceeded 1μg.L^-1 in 5 samples out of them. These results suggest that mcyA- Cd could be applied to the rapid and accurate detection of microcystin-producing cyanobacteria in environmental samples, and that the water resources of the sampling sites had been contaminated by microcystin-producing cyanobacteria. Appropriate measures should be taken to monitor the microcystin-producing cyanobacteria in the rural surface water in Huizhou, in order to avoid or reduce the potential hazards to human.

关 键 词：产毒蓝藻 微囊藻毒素 PCR-DGGE HPLC 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]