MW级风电系统的变桨距控制及载荷优化  

Pitch Control and Load Optimization of Megawatt Wind Power System

作　　者：何玉林[1] 苏东旭[1] 黄帅[1] 任海军[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400030

出　　处：《控制工程》2012年第4期619-622,共4页Control Engineering of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51005255);重庆市科技公关计划重点资助项目(CSTC20070352)

摘　　要：针对风速的随机性及不确定性的特性,以及大型变速变桨风电机组(VariableSpeed Variable Pitch Wind Turbine,VSVP)在桨距控制过程中,由于其大转动惯量造成发电机转速响应延迟的问题,提出了一种基于卡尔曼滤波算法的风轮气动转矩观测器,并将气动转矩与参考转矩偏差作为控制器输入以及时响应外界风速变化。针对变桨过程中普遍存在的塔架前后振动和传动链扭转振动问题,提出了通过在原有控制策略的基础上采用加速度反馈和阻尼滤波的方式得到附加桨距角和转矩,从而抑制振动的控制方式。利用Bladed编制了外部控制器对某2 MW风力发电机组进行仿真,验证了该算法的可靠性,将所提出的控制策略应用于MW级风力发电机组,能够改善桨距控制的动态特性,并有效降低关键部位疲劳载荷。In the process of pitch control of the large VSVP （Variable Speed Variable Pitch Wind Turbine, VSVP）, in order to avoid the rotor inertia＇s slowing effect on the speed, an aerodynamic torque observer based on Kalman filter is proposed. It could response the change of the wind speed timely by using generator speed error as the input value of the controller. Aiming at how to decrease the tower fore-aft vibration, gearbox vibration of the wind turbine, the corresponding strategies of additional pitch angle and torque by adapting acceleration feedback and damping filter are proposed, so that it can decrease the vibration. The Bladed external controller of a 2WM wind turbine was used to simulate. The reliability of the control algorithm is validated. It＇s shown that the proposed control strategy can improve the dynamic characteristics of variable pitch control and optimize the loads of crucial parts of the large wind turbines.

关 键 词：风电机组 变桨距控制 卡尔曼滤波 振动 阻尼 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]