对虾池封闭式三元综合养殖的实验研究  

Experimental studies on trielemented polyculture of penaeid shrimp with tilapia and constricted tagelus in closed shrimp ponds

作　　者：田相利[1] 李德尚[1] 阎希翥 董双林[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋大学,青岛266003

出　　处：《中国水产科学》1999年第4期49-54,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!(39430150);国家攀登计划B 专题!(PD- B6 - 7 - 3);国家九五攻关计划专题!(96 - 922

摘　　要：采用海水陆基围隔实验法探讨以对虾为主的中国对虾（ Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ） 、罗非鱼（ Ｏ．ｍｏｓｓａｂｉｃｕｓ×Ｏ．ｎｉｌｏｔｉｃｕｓ） 和缢蛏（ Ｓｉｎｏｎｏｖａｃｕｌａ ｃｏｎｓｔｒｉｃｔａ） 投饵混养的最佳结构及Ｎ、Ｐ 的利用率等，并比较其养殖效果。结果表明，对虾的成活率、规格和净产量分别为７０ ．７４ ～８１ ．９５ ％ 、９ ．１６ ～１０ ．２１ ｇ／ｉｎｄ 和４８５ ．４ ～５６７ ．６ｋｇ／ｈｍ２ ；罗非鱼的出塘规格和净产量为２０２ ．４ ～２４２ ．５ ｇ／ｉｎｄ 和６６ ．９ ～１９１ ．９ ｋｇ／ｈｍ２ ；缢蛏的出塘规格和净产量分别为５ ．２３ ～６ ．１２ ｇ／ｉｎｄ 和１４０ ．４ ～４５６ ．５ ｋｇ／ｈｍ２ 。最佳结构与放养个体数的配比为对虾７ ．２１ ｉｎｄ／ｍ２（ 体长２ ｃｍ 左右） 、罗非鱼（ 体重１５０ ｇ 左右）０ ．０８ ｉｎｄ／ｍ ２ 和缢蛏（ 壳长３ ｃｍ 左右）１４ ｉｎｄ／ｍ２ 组，其Ｎ、Ｐ的总利用率为２３ ．３９ ％ 和１４ ．６６ ％ 。The studies were designed and conducted to optimize the structure of the tri-elemented polyculture system,Chinese penaid shrimp(Penaeus chinensis) together with Taiwan red tilapia(Oreochromis mossabicus×O.niloticus) and constricted tagelus(Sinonovacula constricta), and to compare their ecological efficiencies. The experiments were conducted with land-based experimental enclosures setting in one pond,in which shrimps were stocked at a single density of 7.2 ind/m 2,but fish and shellfish were stocked at six different combinations,0∶20 ind/m 2,0.08∶14 ind/m 2,0.12∶10 ind/m 2,0.16∶7 ind/m 2, 0.24∶0 ind/m 2 and 0∶0 ind/m 2. The results showed that the survival rate,final size and net production of shrimp were 70.74%～81.95%,9.16～10.21 g/ind and 485.47～567.6 kg/hm 2 respectively; the final body weight and net production of tilapia were 202.4～242.5 g/ind and 69.0～191.9 kg/hm 2, and those of constricted tagelus were 5.23～6.12 g/ind and 140.4～456.5 kg/hm 2, respectively.The treatment giving a best culturing benefit was considered as the optimum structure of the system. The optimum structure was juvenile shrimp(body length 2 cm) 7.2 ind/m 2, tilapia fingerling(body weight 150 g) 0.08 ind/m 2 and constricted tagelus(body length 3 cm) 14 ind/m 2. The total conversion efficiencies of N and P in the system were 23.39 % and 14.66%.

关 键 词：对虾 罗非鱼 缢蛏 综合养殖 围隔 

分 类 号：S968.226[农业科学—水产养殖] S965.125[农业科学—水产科学]