支气管哮喘患儿心理学特点的对照研究  

A controlled study on the psychological characteristics of asthmatic children

作　　者：张玲[1] 杨志斌[1] 魏治文[1] 刘治学[1] 江忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛医学院第二附属医院儿科,266042

出　　处：《中华儿科杂志》2000年第3期163-165,共3页Chinese Journal of Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的　了解哮喘患儿的心理学特点。方法　采用EPQ、CBCL、CRT、SAB量表 ,对 6 3例病程 3～ 11年、年龄 7～ 12岁的中、重度哮喘患儿进行个性、行为、智力及适应能力的心理测试。结果哮喘儿童N质个性高于对照组 (P <0 .0 0 1)。行为问题发生率为 30 % ,男孩多有攻击行为 ,女孩表现为抑郁、社会退缩。患儿平均智商为 10 5 .6 5 ,与对照组比较差异无显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但D、E单元得分低于对照组 (P <0 .0 0 1)。适应能力商数为 10 2 .32 ,对照组为 10 7.81,主要为社会 /自制因子得分低于对照组 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　哮喘患儿显示出情绪不稳定的个性特点 ,存在着明显的行为问题。尽管智商正常 ,但类比推理能力及社会适应能力 ,尤其是社会 /自制因子方面明显低于没有慢性病的上感儿童。Objective To understand psychological characteristics of asthmatic children. Methods The personality, behavior, intelligence quotients (IQ) and social adaptive behavior (SAB) of 63 moderate and severe asthmatic children aged 7～12 years were measured by means of EPQ,CBCL, CRT and SAB scales. Results The N score of asthma group was higher than that of control group ( P <0.001). The occurrence rate of behavior problem was 30%. The abnormal behavior in boys was assault, while in girls was social flinch. The mean IQ in asthma group was 105.65 and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P >0.05). However, the scores of D, E units in asthma group were lower than in control group ( P <0.05). The adaptive deviation quotient (ADQ) of asthma group was 102.32 which was significantly lower than that of control group ( P <0.05), especially the social/self direction factor. Conclusion The results showed that athmatic children possessed personality characteristics of neuroticism and obvious behavior problem. Although IQ was normal in asthmatic children, the reasoning from analogy ability and social adaptive behavior, particularly social/self direction factor, were significantly lower than in normal children.

关 键 词：哮喘 儿童心理学 个性 儿童行为 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]