长期定位施肥对黄绵土酶活性及土壤养分状况的影响  

Enzyme Activities and Soil Nutrition Status as Affected by a Long-term Located Fertilization in a Loessial Soil

作　　者：柳燕兰[1,2] 宋尚有[1] 郝明德[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《土壤通报》2012年第4期798-803,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB118604);国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2011BAD31B01);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX-YW-09-07);国家自然科学基金(30960070)

摘　　要：本研究以25年的肥料长期定位试验为平台,探讨了长期不同施肥处理对土壤活性有机质、氮磷养分及土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:长期施肥土壤活性有机质、全氮、碱解氮及速效磷含量显著提高,土壤转化酶和碱性磷酸酶活性增强,其中有机肥化肥配施(NPM)的作用明显大于施用化肥(N、NP);长期施肥不能增强土壤过氧化氢酶活性。相关分析表明,土壤脲酶、转化酶及碱性磷酸酶活性与土壤活性有机质、氮磷养分含量呈显著正相关,且三种酶活性间呈极显著正相关关系。综合土壤养分与土壤主要酶活性的密切关系,认为将土壤酶与土壤养分相结合进行土壤肥力研究,对该区培肥土壤具有重要的指导意义。Based on 25 years of fertilization experiment, the effects of different fertilizer treatments on the contents of the soil labile organic matter （LOM）, nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） nutrients, and soil enzyme activities were investigated in this study. The results showed that the contents of LOM, total N, available N and available P increased significantly after long-term fertilization, and the activity of soil invertase and phosphatasc increased simultaneously. Furthermore, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers influenced much more on soil nutrient and soil enzyme activities than inorganic fertilizers applied only. However, the soil catalase activity was not increased in our study site. Correlation analysis indicated that the activities of soil urease, invertase and phosphatase were positively correlated with the contents of LOM, total N, total P, available N, and available P. Furthermore, the activities of these three enzymes correlated significantly with each other. Consequently, the results showed that the soil enzyme activities could be used as the biological index in the study of soil fertility and quality, and it was valuable for improvement of soil fertility in this area.

关 键 词：定位施肥 黄绵土 活性有机质 氮磷养分 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]