不同有机物料在紫甘蓝上应用的产量及养分效应  

Effects of application of different organic materials on the yield and nutrients of purple cabbage

作　　者：李传章[1] 李吉进[1] 黄景[2] 高利娟[1] 刘本生[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097 [2]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2012年第4期597-602,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项"循环农业科技示范基地完善与提升"(BJSNLKXY20122);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力专项"设施春番茄土肥水优化关键技术研究与示范";公益性行业(农业)科研专项"黄淮海半湿润平原区面源污染监测与氮磷化肥投入阈值研究"(2011030143)

摘　　要：在大田条件下,研究不同有机物料对土壤养分及紫甘蓝产量、品质和养分利用率的影响。结果表明,施用有机物料能增加土壤养分含量,提高紫甘蓝的产量,改善紫甘蓝的品质。MM,PM处理土壤有机质含量增加显著,较对照提高36%以上;HM,MM处理土壤铵态氮、速效磷、速效钾含量增加显著,产量增幅在22%以上;SM处理硝酸盐累积量最小。紫甘蓝可食用部分养分平衡指数以氮钾为低,其养分利用率高于磷素。各处理中以MM处理养分平衡指数最低,养分利用率最高。在有机种植过程中,注重粪肥和菇渣、草炭、秸秆等物料的配施将有助于平衡土壤肥力和养分利用率的提高,在保证产量的同时,能进一步改善作物品质,提高综合效益。A field experiment has been conducted to study the effects of different organic materials on soil nutrients, yield and quality of purple cabbage and nutrient utilization. The results showed that application of organic materials en- larged soil nutrient content, increased the yield and quality of purple cabbage. A significant increase in soil organic matter content has been found in the MM and PM treatments, which increased over 36% compared with that of the con- trol. With the application of HM and MM, a remarkable increase has been found in ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content in soil. A higher yield was also obtained in the treatments of HM and MM, which was 22% more than that of the control. The accumulated amount of nitrate was the smallest in the treatment of SM. The balance index of nitrogen and potassium in the edible part of purple cabbage was lower and its nutrient utilization was higher than that of phosphorus. In all treatments, MM had the lowest nutrient balance index, whose nutrient use efficiency was the highest. Therefore, in the process of organic agriculture, combination of manure and other fertilizers such as mushroom residue, peat, straw material will help to balance the soil fertility, improve nutrient utilization, and further improve crop quality and the comprehensive benefits while the crop production is guaranteed.

关 键 词：紫甘蓝 有机物料 养分利用率 

分 类 号：S635[农业科学—蔬菜学] S141[农业科学—园艺学]