团体游戏治疗改善哮喘儿童心理应对能力的研究  

Group play therapy for improving mental coping ability in children with asthma

作　　者：王倩[1] 张际[1] 梅其霞[2] 黄英[1] 刘玉琳[1] 袁小平[1] 胡平[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院呼吸科,儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室,儿科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆市儿童发育重大疾病诊治与预防国际科技合作基地,重庆400014 [2]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院心理科,重庆400014

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2012年第8期793-799,共7页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：重庆市卫生局资助项目(2008-2-133);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2007BAI24B05)~~

摘　　要：目的探讨团体游戏治疗对改善哮喘儿童心理应对能力的作用。方法将有行为问题的44例哮喘儿童随机分为干预组(n=25)和对照组(n=19)。两组均采用Achenbach儿童行为评定量表(CBCL)和慢性病儿童应对方式量表(CODI)分别对患儿进行试验前后测试,所有成员均于干预前后接受2次量表测试。试验处理前,两组均接受前测。试验过程中,干预组成员接受为期3个月、两周1次、共6次的团体游戏治疗,对照组在此期间不接受任何试验干预。试验结束后,两组都接受后测。试验结束后评价团体游戏治疗对改善哮喘儿童行为问题和应对方式的作用。结果 44例患儿中脱落5例,实际完成研究39例(干预组20例,对照组19例)。两组患者的一般情况(年龄、性别、文化程度、父母婚姻、家庭结构等)和基线CBCL和CODI量表得分的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。经过团体游戏治疗,干预组CBCL量表中交往不良、社交退缩、抑郁、强迫行为、攻击性、不成熟等因子分和行为问题总分有显著降低(P<0.05),对照组则无明显变化;干预组CODI量表中接受、逃避、负性情绪反应因子分及应对方式总分均显著提高(P<0.05),对照组则无明显变化。结论团体游戏治疗可通过提高自信心、增强人际适应能力及情绪管理能力,可矫正行为偏差,改善应对方式,提高哮喘儿童心理应对能力,促进患儿心理健康发展。Objective To explore the role of group play therapy in the improvement of mental coping ability in children with asthma. Methods Forty-four asthmatic children with behavior problems were randomly divided into experimental group （n=25） and control group （n=19）. All children received two tests. The tools in this research were Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist （CBCL） and Coping with a Disease Questionnaire （CODI）. Before intervention, both groups received pretest. Members from the experimental group were provided with counseling for 3 months, once every two weeks for a total of 6 times, while during this period the members of the control group had not any experimental intervention. After intervention, the two groups received posttest. Five patients dropped out, and 39 went through this research （20 in experimental group and 19 in control group）. The effects of group play therapy on behavior problems and coping strategy of children with asthma were evaluated. Results There was no statistically significant differences in the general information （age, sex, education, parents＇ marriage status and family structure） and basic score of CBCL and CODI between the two groups （P〉0.05）. After intervention, the scores of social problems, social withdrawal, depression, compulsive behavior, aggressive behavior and immature and total behavior problem score dropped significantly in experimental group （P〈0.05） while there were no significant changes in control group. And the scores of acceptance, avoidance and emotional reaction increased significantly in experimental group （P〈0.05） while there were no significant changes in control group. Conclusions Group play therapy can improve the children＇s confidence and interpersonal adaptability and emotion management capacity, thus correcting deviant behavior, ameliorate coping strategy, improving mental coping capability, and promote the development of mental health in children with asthma.

关 键 词：哮喘 儿童 适应 心理学 游戏疗法 咨询 

分 类 号：R730[医药卫生—肿瘤]