流线型箱梁气动外形对桥梁颤振和涡振的影响  

Influence of Aerodynamic Shape of Streamline Box Girder on Bridge Flutter and Vortex-induced Vibration

作　　者：王骑[1] 廖海黎[1] 李明水[1] 马存明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学风工程试验研究中心,四川成都610031

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2012年第8期44-50,70,共8页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划培育项目(90815016)

摘　　要：以某流线型钢箱梁断面为例,详细研究了主梁气动外形变化对桥梁颤振和涡振性能的影响。基于1∶50节段模型风洞试验,分别研究了箱梁的栏杆、检修车轨道、风嘴、导流板,以及斜腹板对桥梁颤振及涡振性能的影响。研究表明,栏杆和检修车轨道将弱化桥梁断面的气动性能,而风嘴和导流板则对桥梁的颤振和涡振性能有利。值得提出的是,在其他气动外形保持不变,而斜腹板倾角变为15°时,桥梁的颤振性能不仅获得了较大提升,且涡振现象还可得到消除。此现象的初步机理为:较小的斜腹板倾角可阻碍和延后流线型箱梁下风侧漩涡的形成和脱落,从而显著削弱漩涡脱落对桥梁涡振和颤振的影响。详细的气动机理还有待深入研究。此点发现对于大跨度桥梁的抗风设计具有重大的参考价值和实际意义,并已经成功应用于国内多座大跨度桥梁的气动外形设计中。Taken a streamline box girder for example, the influence of aerodynamic shape on bridge flutter and vertex-induced vibration （VIV） was studied in detail. Through wind tunnel test of a 1 ： 50 scale section model, the influences of railing, inspection rail, rostrum, guide wing and inclined web on the flutter and VIV were discussed respectively. The results indicate that railing and inspection rail could weaken the aerodynamic performance of bridge section, while rostrum and guide wing could be used to improve the flutter and VIV performance of bridge. Special indicating is that the increase of flutter wind speed and the vanishing of VIV were all satisfied under the same condition while the slope of inclined web was 15°. The brief mechanism of this phenomenon is that the lower inclined web could restrain and delay the formation and shedding of the vertex at the downwind of streamline box girder, thus could remarkably weaken the influence of vertex shedding on VIV and flutter of bridges. But the detailed aerodynamic mechanism will be studied profoundly in future. This development would be beneficial to the wind resistant design of the bridge, and has been applied successfully in the aerodynamic shape design of several long-span bridges in China.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 流线型箱梁 风洞试验 气动外形影响 

分 类 号：U441.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U443.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]