miRNA在胃癌中的作用及其在转化医学中的应用  

The Role of miRNA in Gastric Cancer and its Application in Translational Medicine

作　　者：胡晓薇[1] 吴瑾[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第三医院内科,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2012年第18期3592-3595,共4页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金资助(D201120)

摘　　要：转化医学是近年来提出的关于基础研究与临床密切结合的新概念,强调实现基础研究成果真正转化为临床实践,为疾病的诊断和治疗提供先进而有效的方法。胃癌是消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤,其早期诊断与治疗是转化医学研究的重点内容之一。microRNA(miRNA)是近年来发现的一类长约21-25个核苷酸的非编码单链小分子RNA,广泛存在于真核生物中。它的发现揭示了一种新的基因表达调控方式,为胃癌早期诊断与治疗的研究开辟了新路径。miRNA能够通过与靶基因特异性的结合使其降解或抑制其翻译,从而对靶基因进行转录后的表达调控。现有越来越多的研究发现,miRNA与了胃癌的发生、发展、治疗及预后都密切相关,此文从转化医学角度综述了miRNA在胃癌中对细胞周期、细胞凋亡、侵袭、转移、放化疗敏感性等的影响的研究进展。Translational medicine is a novel concept about combination of basic research and clinical application. It emphasizes on realizing the translation of basic research into clinical practice and provides advanced and effective method for Diagnosis and treat- ment of diseases. Gastric caner is one of the common tumors of digestive system and its diagnosis and treatment is one of the key content of translational medicine. Recently it has been found that microRNA （miRNA）, some kind of Endogenous small single-strand non-coding RNA molecules （about 21-25-nucleotide）, exists widely in eukaryote. The discover of miRNA has shown a new way ofgene expression and it has opened up a new pathearly with ealy diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. MiRNA negatively regulate target genes by binding to it and leading to mRNA degradation or translational repression at posttranscriptional level. More and more research confirmed that miRNA is closely related to the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of gastric caner.Regarding translational medicine, we summarized recent progress of the role of miRNA in gastic cancer that could influence cell cycle, cell apoptosis, invasion, metastasis and the sensibility of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

关 键 词：胃癌 MIRNA 转化医学 

分 类 号：R735.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]