使动句致使意义实现的机制及其语用价值  

The Causative Sentence: The Realization Mechanism of the Causative Meaning and Pragmatic Values

作　　者：张豫峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中国语言文学研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2012年第4期52-60,共9页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：现代汉语使动句是指由使役动词带上宾语作谓语,表致使意义的句子。本文首先对《动词用法词典》中2117条动词义项逐一排查,在描写的基础上归纳出四组与使动句致使意义相匹配的使役动词,提出使役动词的三种形式特征;然后从使动句语义角色和动词的论元成分交叉融合的角度,指出使动句是通过保留、丢弃、增添等表现方式分派句式的表达要素,从而达到句式致使意义的实现;最后结合实例,分析了使动句的语用价值,提出使动句为我们确切表达致使意义提供了句式选择,丰富了汉语致使意义的表达方式。The causative sentences in modem Chinese refer to the sentences indicating causative meaning in which the causative verbs are followed with the objects to be predicative. This paper begins with an in- vestigation of 2,117 verbs in Verb Usage Dictionary and then puts them into four groups of causative verbs matched with the meaning of causative sentences. It proposes three formal features of causative verbs. The paper points out that causative sentences arrange different semantic roles via ways of retaining, dis- carding, and adding so as to realize the causative meaning of this sentence construction from the perspec- tive that the arguments in causative sentences are crossed and fused with the verbs in sentences. Finally, with examples, it analyzes the pragmatic values of causative sentences, puts forward that causative sen- tences provide us with the choices of sentence constructions to express the causative meaning very clearly, and that they enrich the ways of causative meaning expression in Chinese.

关 键 词：使动句 使役动词 致使意义 句式论元 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]