梭鱼草(Pontederia cordata)拦截沟渠中氮、磷的效果研究  

Research of Ditch Interception Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus of Pontederia Cordata

作　　者：余红兵[1,2] 杨知建[2] 肖润林[3] 张树楠[3] 刘锋[3] 向佐湘[2] 单武雄[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南城市学院建筑与城市规划院,湖南益阳413000 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2012年第4期508-512,共5页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目"农业生态系统氮磷循环与调控"(编号:KZCX2-YW-T07);外国专家局项目"农业生态系统氮磷循环与调控"(编号:20100491005-8);湖南省科技厅项目(编号:2009SK3024)

摘　　要：通过沟渠中种植观赏植物梭鱼草,研究了不同时间沟渠中梭鱼草段与无植物段拦截净化氮磷的效果以及梭鱼草自身氮磷含量、生物量季节变化。结果表明:梭鱼草段与无植物段都会净化沟渠水中的氮磷含量,全氮、全磷含量的降低(3.37%-3.33%)一般要高于硝态氮、铵态氮的变化(-3.66%-7.14%),梭鱼草段拦截氮磷的能力(6.82%-33.33%)明显高于无植物段的自然净化(-3.66%-6.67%);降雨后,沟渠水中全氮、硝态氮含量呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,铵态氮含量变化则不稳定,全磷含量在雨后第2d含量达到最高,然后趋于平稳;梭鱼草氮磷含量以及生物量季节动态变化在10月份达到最高值,可确定此时为其最佳收割期,其氮磷含量分别为28.38g/kg、4.10g/kg,生物量为0.19kg/m2。梭鱼草收割全年可从沟渠带走氮、磷分别为5.36g/m2、0.78g/m2。本研究结果对开发观赏植物在沟渠修复中的应用提供理论依据。Through planting the ornamental plant Pontederia cordata in the ditch, the effect of interception and purification water ofPontederia cordata ditch （eco-ditch） and without plant ditch （natural ditch） was studied at different times, and studied seasonal change of the contents of aboveground nitrogen, phosphorus and biomass of Pontederia cordata. The results showed that eco-ditch and natural ditch could purify nitrogen and phosphorus contents of water, and reduction range（3.37%-33.33%）of total nitrogen and total phosphorus was higher than reduction range （-3.66%-7.14%） of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen, the interception capacity of coo-ditch （6.82%-33.33%）was obviously higher than natural purification of natural ditch （-3.66%-16.67%）. After mining the content of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in ditch water had the tendency of increasing firstly and then declining, while the content of ammonium nitrogen was unstable, the content of total phosphorus reached highest values after mining the 2nd, then tended to steadily. Seasonal dynamics of the contents of aboveground nitrogen, phosphorus and biomass of Pontederia cordata reached highest values in October, so, it was the best time to harvest. The content of the aboveground nitrogen, phosphorus was 28.38 g/kg and 4.10g/kg and biomass was 0.19kg/m2. The harvest of Ponte de ria c ordata would remove 5.36g/m2 of nitrogen and 0.78g/m2 of phosphorus every year, the objective is to provide the theory basis for restoration application of the development ornamental plant in ditch.

关 键 词：梭鱼草 沟渠 拦截 氮磷 收割时期 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]