施肥前后稻田土壤中微生物多样性的PCR-DGGE分析  

Studies on Microbial Diversity in Paddy Soli before and after Fertilization by PCR-DGGE

作　　者：张翰林[1,2] 闻轶[2] 赵峥[2] 曹林奎[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240 [2]农业部都市农业(南方)重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《科技通报》2012年第7期55-60,共6页Bulletin of Science and Technology

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(No.200903056)

摘　　要：通过测坑定位试验,研究了3种施肥处理下稻田土壤微生物多样性变化。试验结果表明,有机肥能提高土壤微生物的丰富度和多样性。施肥后,稻田上层土壤的土壤微生物群落结构发生了明显的改变。有机肥处理的土壤DNA丰富度最大,为19;无机肥处理的最小,为14。3种施肥处理的DNA序列Shannon-Weaver指数分别为:混施肥处理1.85,有机肥处理2.30和无机肥处理1.60,均匀度指数分别为:混施肥处理0.73,有机肥处理0.82和无机肥处理0.64。上层土壤中,无机肥处理和混施肥处理的微生物多样性相似系数为79%,而施用有机肥的处理与混施肥处理、无机肥处理的相似系数为62%,这表明施用有机肥能明显改变稻田土壤微生物的种群结构。下层土壤各处理仍然具有较高的相似性。Based on the lysimeter method, the nitrogen loss in different fertilizer treatments Were studied in the rice field. The results showed that Organic fertilizer can increase the richness and diversity of soil microorganisms. After fertilization, the upper paddy soil microbial community structure had significantly changed. For the subsoil, each treatment still had a high similarity. Soil DNA richness of organic fertilizer treatment was maximum, 19; while chemical fertlizer treatment was minimum, 14. Shannon-Weave indices of three fertilizer treatments were, respectively, mixed fertilizer treatment 1.85, organic treatment 2.30 and chemical fertilizer 1.60; evenness indices were, respectively, mixed fertilizer treatment 0.73, organic treatment 0.82 and chemical treatment 0.64. For upper soil, the similarity coefficient of microbial diversity between mixed fertilizer treatment and chemical treatment was 79%, while that between organic treatment and them was only 62%, which showed that organic fertilizer can significantly change paddy soil microbe population structure.

关 键 词：稻田土 施肥 PCR-DGGE 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]