八倍体小偃麦与普通小麦杂种衍生后代HBOT 09035形态学、细胞学和白粉病抗性鉴定  

Morphology,Cytology and Powdery Mildew Resistance Identification of Progeny HBOT 09035 Derived from Octoploid Trititrigia and Wheat

作　　者：孙蕾[1] 胡铁峰[1] 何莉炜[1] 孙会改[1] 周印富[1] 林小虎[1,2] 王洪刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]山东农业大学作物生物学国家重点实验室,国家小麦改良中心泰安分中心,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《种子》2012年第7期21-24,共4页Seed

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:30971765);作物生物学国家重点实验室开放课题项目(编号:2012 KF03);"十二.五"国家重大科技支撑计划项目"国家粮食丰产科技工程"项目(编号:2011 BAD16 B08);"河北省自然科学基金"项目(编号:C 2010001535)

摘　　要：八倍体小偃麦是由偃麦草与普通小麦远缘杂交后人工选育的新物种,它保留了偃麦草的许多优良性状,是小麦遗传改良和染色体工程研究的重要材料。本研究对八倍体小偃麦与普通小麦远缘杂种的衍生后代HBOT09035进行了形态学、细胞学和白粉病抗性鉴定。结果表明:种质材料HBOT09035整齐度好,株型紧凑,植株较矮,穗长较短,结实性稍低,分蘖能力较好;细胞学鉴定表明,根尖体细胞染色体数目为2 n=42,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I(PMCM I)不存在单价体或多价体,基本为环状二价体,染色体构型为2 n=21Ⅱ,减数分裂后期I(PMCA I)不存在落后染色体、染色体桥等现象,分离正常;白粉病抗性鉴定表明,HBOT 09035对白粉病有较高的抗性。种质材料HBOT09035在遗传上已经稳定,并且高抗白粉病,可以作为抗小麦白粉病育种新的种质资源。Octoploid agroticum is the new species which is from distant hybridization between Elytrigria repens and common wheat by artificial breeding. It remains many excellent characters of Elytrigria repens and it is the important material on wheat genetic improvement and chromosome engineering research. This study identified progeny HBOT 09035 derived from octoploid trititrigia and common wheat by morphology, cytology and powdery mildew resistance. The results showed that the germplasm materials HBOT 09035 had good uniformity and compact plant. Compared with parents, its plant was shorter, spike length was shorter, strong sexual was slightly lower, ability to tiller was better. Cytology identification showed that chromo.some number for the root cells was 2 n = 42, pollen mother ceils meiosis medium-term Ⅰ （PMCMⅠ） did not exist univalent or multivalent and composed of cricoid bivalent basically, chromosome configuration was 2 n = 21 Ⅱ , meiosis anaphase Ⅰ（PMCAⅠ） did not exist lagging chromosome, chromosome bridge and so on, separation was normal. Powdery mildew resistance identification showed that HBOT 09035 had high resistance to powdery mildew. Germplasm material HBOT 09035 was stable in genetically, and had high resistance to powdery mildew. Therefore, it can be new germplasm resource for powdery mildew resistance breeding of wheat.

关 键 词：小麦 八倍体小偃麦 杂种后代 白粉病 形态学鉴定 细胞学鉴定 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]