可持续发展新里程:问题与探索——参加“里约+20”联合国可持续发展大会之思考  

New Landmark of Sustainable Development:Questions and Explorations——Review on United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development(the Rio+20)

作　　者：曾贤刚[1] 李琪[2] 孙瑛[2] 魏东[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学环境学院,北京100872 [2]山东师范大学山东省可持续发展研究中心,山东济南250014 [3]中共山东省委党校,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2012年第8期41-47,共7页China Population,Resources and Environment

摘　　要："里约+20"峰会成果文件《我们憧憬的未来》重申了"共同但有区别的责任"原则;决定启动可持续发展目标讨论进程;肯定绿色经济是实现可持续发展的重要手段之一;决定建立更加有效的可持续发展机制框架;敦促发达国家履行官方发展援助承诺。这是"里约+20"峰会取得的重要成果,这项成果开启了可持续发展的新里程,其理论探索和实践总结将是学术界不懈努力的方向。在《我们憧憬的未来》的框架下,整合现有可持续发展的相关政策,综合考虑各国独特的社会、经济发展和环境保护问题的特殊性,认为可持续发展研究需要在以下6个方面做出努力:①绿色经济的概念、发展模式与政策创新研究,主要包含了绿色经济的内涵;绿色经济与可持续发展之间的关系;绿色经济与就业、脱贫等之间的关系;衡量绿色经济的具体指标体系;对不同区域和不同行业经济发展绿化程度的测度;绿色壁垒的形式以及对我国国际贸易的影响;发展绿色经济对国际政治经济格局的影响;绿色经济的发展模式与政策创新研究等。②自然资本核算、生态补偿机制与政策研究,主要包含了自然资本的内涵;自然资本与可持续发展之间的关系;各种生态服务之间的耦合关系;如何建立基于自然资本核算方法体系的多层次多元化的生态补偿投融资及其运行机制和生态补偿方式;如何从法律、体制、机制、政策等多层面构建一套完整、具有可操作性的生态补偿政策和制度保障体系等。③可持续发展的全球治理机制研究,主要包含了可持续发展领域的国际合作与冲突机制及有效的全球环境治理机制和可持续发展的国际管理体制的研究;中国、巴西、印度等新兴经济体应该如何应对在未来全球可持续发展中面临的压力和责任及经济全球化对于可持续发展的负面影响等。④科技创新与可持续发展研究,�The Future We Want reiterates the principle ＂Common but Differentiated Responsibility＂, decides to initiate the process of the discussion about sustainable development objectives, recognizes that green economy is one of the important means to achieve sustainable development, decides to establish a more effective framework of sustainable development and urges developed countries to fulfill their commitments of official development assistance. This is Rio ＋ 20＇ s main outcome and opens a new mileage of sustainable development. The academia will spare no efforts exploring the theory and summarize practical experience. After integrating the existing policies about sustainable development and considering each country＇ s particularity in society, economic development and environmental protection in the framework of The Future We Want, we think that we should make efforts in these six areas： （1） The first part is research on the concept of ＇ green economy＇ , development model and policy innovation. This part mainly includes the connotation of ＇green economy＇ , the connection between green economy and sustainable development, the connection between green economy and employment, the index system measuring green economy, the measurements on the degree of greening of economic development in different areas and industries, green trade barriers＇ form and their int2nence on China＇ s international trade, the influence on the international political situation caused by the development of green economy, and the development model of green economy and the policy innovation. （2）The second part is research on natural capital accounting, ecological compensation mechanism and policy. This part mainly includes the connotation of natural capital, the connection between natural capital and sustainable development, the coupling relationship among different ecosystem services, the method of establishing a multi-layered and diversified investment and financing mechanism of ecological compensation based on the

关 键 词：里约+20 联合国 峰会 可持续发展 问题与探索 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F061.3[经济管理—政治经济学]