基于PLC的土工离心机数字照相系统设计  

Design of digital photography system in geotechnical centrifuge based on PLC

作　　者：刘庆杰[1] 高宏力[1] 何邵灿[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《中国测试》2012年第4期76-78,92,共4页China Measurement & Test

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(2010ZX04015-011)

摘　　要：为解决土工离心机照相系统位置固定,所拍摄的照片数量少、不清晰、不具有实时性等问题,在对离心机运动模型进行深入分析的基础上,依据相对运动和自动控制原理,设计出了土工离心机的快速成像系统。系统主要由支架、导轨、丝杠、PLC、伺服电机驱动机构及数码相机组成,将系统的机械结构固定于模型外侧,使模型箱和系统机械结构运动过程中彼此相对静止,通过对伺服电机的精确控制,使相机准确依次运动到待测点的正上方,控制相机快速对焦拍照。实验结果表明:在离心机高速运行过程中数字照相系统能在任何时刻拍摄模型箱内指定位置的照片,而且所拍摄到的图片清晰,能够真实记录模型箱内点位变化,实现了设计目标,具有应用推广价值。In order to solve the problems including inflexible shooting-position, small quantity and obscure of shooting photos, no immediacy, etc. for the geotechnical centrifuge photography system, the authors designed a geotechnicaI centrifuge fast imaging system according to the relative motion and the automatic control principle after analyzed the centrifuge motion model in- depth. The system is mainly composed of a bracket, guide rails, screw, PLC, servo motor driving mechanism and a digital camera. The systematic mechanical structure is fixed on the outside of model box to make the model box and the system mechanical structure relative rest in the process of mechanical movement. Through controlling the servo motor precisely, the camera moves accurately and orderly to the above of awaiting measured points and fast focuses for shooting. The experimental resuk shows that in the high-speed running process of the centrifuges, the digital camera system can shoot clear photos of any located points in model box, so it can truly record position changes in model box. The design achieved its goals, and has application and popularization values.

关 键 词：机械设计 自动控制 PID控制 土工离心机 数字照相 

分 类 号：TP274.2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TU41[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]