西双版纳不同山地长果桑及食果动物  

MORUS MACROURA AND THE WILDLIFE WHO EAT THEIR BERRY IN DIFFERENT MOUNTAIN REGIONS, XISHUANGBANNA,YUNNAN

作　　者：王直军[1] 陈进[1] 邓晓保[1] 白智林[1] 杨清[1] 刘勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,云南昆明650223

出　　处：《山地学报》2000年第3期267-271,共5页Mountain Research

基　　金：中国科学院生物科学与技术研究特别支持费资助!(编号STZ98-1 -0 8)

摘　　要：热带雨林是大自然赋予人类的珍贵资源宝库 ,有着久远的发展历史 ;认识其间的动植物关系以及人类影响下的动态变化 ,不仅有重要学术意义 ,而且对热带山地生态系统的保护、恢复 ,山区的持续发展有现实指导作用。我们在长果桑果期研究了西双版纳不同强度人为影响的热带山林摄食动物种群结构 ,对地区的发展和热带山地生态系统的维护有了新的认识。Besides forest conversion to agriculture and then to degraded land, the natural structure of tropical forest is changing with human activities in Xishuangbanna. We study the relationship between Morus mocroura and animals in three areas with different degrees of human impact to know the changing. Two methods have been employed: the plotless technique to investigate large area of forests, and the qudrant sampling method to determine the quantity of fruits and young trees of Morus mocroura . The trees of Morus mocroura have an ancient consummate relationship with animals which forage their fruits and disperse their seeds in tropical forests of mountain land. However, human impact the primary tropical forest that influenced the relationship. More than 48 species of animals who forage the berries of Morus macroura have been recorded from Longmen, and 45 species of animals recorded from Nangong mountain. There are only 25 species of animals in Menglun with human's serious impact. The results show that the trees of Morus mocroura bear polymeric berries apparently evolved for consumption by birds and mammals. As individual species of Morus mocroura become threatened with human overuse. In addition natural layer of forest was converted to economic plants, widespread commercial economic plants are cultivated in the forest, such as the natural grass layer and shrub layer have been replaced by Amomum spp., this influences natural regeneration of Morus macroura. Such altering influences on the animal food and their habitat will lead to a reduction of wildlife diversity. The disruption in forest structure and mountain ecosystem function is the major threat to biodiversity.

关 键 词：热带森林 动植物关系 人类活动 长果桑 食果动物 

分 类 号：Q958.12[生物学—动物学] X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]